To day's Subhashit

अलिरनुसरति   परिमलम  लक्ष्मिरनुसरति  नयगुन समृद्धिम 

निम्न्मनुसरति सलिलं बिधि लिखितम  बुद्धिरनुसरति

Alirasnusarati parimalam Lakshmiranusarati Nayagunasamriddhim

Nimnamanusarati Salilam Bidhilikhitam Buddhiranusarati.

i.e.  A honey bee (ali) follows the fragreance (parimal) of flowers, Riches (Lakshmi) follows virtuous and just persons (nayaguna samriddhim) .Water (salil) follows depth (nimna) -lower level and intelligence in a person (buddhi) follows what is destined for him by the providence (vidhata=God).

To day's sSubhashit

निर्विषेणापि   सर्पेण  कर्तव्या महती  फणा   

विषमस्तु न चाप्यस्तु खटाटोपो भयंकर: 

Nirvishenaapi Sarpaeana Kartavayaa Mahati Phanaa
Vishmastu Na Chaapyastu Khataatopo Bhayankarahh.

i.e. For a non-poisonous (nirvisha) snake (sarpa) it's extended hood (Phana) is very helpful to it (as a means of protection). Although it is non-poisonous when it extends it's hood and and opens its fang with a hissing sound (khataatop) such action is very frightening (bhayankar)

March 2012's Subhashits

Yasmin Vanshey Samutpannas-tamewa Nija-cheshtitaihh
Dooshayitwaa-chirenewa Ghunakeeta Evaadhamahh.


यस्मिन वंशे  समुत्पन्नस्तमेव  निजचेष्टितः
दूषयित्वाचिरेनेव  घुणकीट  इवाSधमः

i.e. Mean and lowly (Adham) persons are like the 'Ghun' (an insect found in foodgrains,which lives inside the grain and makes it hollow), as they pollute and bring disgrace (Dooshayiit) the family in which they are born.






Gaatrahh Sankuchitam Gatirvigalita Bhrashta Ch Dantawali
Drishtir-vashyati Vardhate Vadhirata Vaktram Cha Laalayate
Vakyam Naadriyate Cha Bandhava Janairbhaarya Na Sushhrooshate
Ha Kashtam Purushahsya Jeernavayasah Putreyapyamitraayate.

गात्रः संकुचितं गतिर्विगलिता भ्रष्टा च दन्तावली
दृश्तिर्नष्यति  वर्धते  वधिरता  वक्त्रं  च लालायते
वाक्यं ना  द्रियते  च बान्धव्जनै भार्या न शुश्रूयते
हा  कष्टं पुरुषस्य  जीर्ण वयसः पुत्रोप्यमित्रायते

i.e. Body gets withered , gait becomes unsteady, teeth become unusable, eyesight becomes weak, deafness increases, mouth salivates, there is no consistency in talking,relatives and wife do not take one's care.These are the problems faced by a person in his old age .Even his son becomes hostile towards him





Mitram Preti Rasayanam Nayanyo-ranandanam Cheatasahhh
Paatram Yatsukh-dukhyhh Sahbhawean-mitrean Taddurlabham
Ye Chaanye Suhradahh Samriddhi Samaye Dravyaabhilasha-kulaah
-te Sarvatra Milanti Tatwaniksh-grawaa Cha Teshaam Vipat.

मित्रं प्रीति रसायनं नयनयोरानन्दनं  चेतसः
पात्रं यत्सुखदुःखयोः सहः भवेन्मित्रेण तदद्दुर्लभम्
ये चान्ये  सुह्रद: समृद्धि समये  द्र व्या भिलाषाssकुला-
स्ते  सर्वत्र मिलन्ति तत्वनिकषग्रावा  च तेषां  विपत्

i.e.      A friend,who tends to increase your affection (preti) towards him, his presnce is pleasing to your eyes and who shares with you your good and bad situations (sukh-dukha) equally, is very rare to get. Whereas your well wishers and elatives , who,during the periods of your affluence (samriddhi samaya) are always eager to share your wealth (dravyabhilashakulahh), are found every where. The real test of friendship (tatwanikkashgrawa) is only when one is in trouble.






मक्षिका  मशको वैश्या मूषिको याचकस्तथा
ग्रामणीर्गणकश्चैव  सप्तेतै  परभक्षका

Makshika Mashako Vaishyaa Mooshiko Yaachakastatha
Gramanir-ganakashchaiwa Sapteite Par-bhakshkaa.

i.e. Fleas,mosquitoes, prostitutes, rodents (mooshiko), beggars, village head/barbers (gramani) and astrologers(ganak/jyotishi), all these Seven are in the category of parasites (one who lives at the expense of some one else or society).






चित्ते भ्रान्तिर्जायते  मद्यपानद्भ्रान्ते  चित्ते पापचर्यामुपेति
पापं क्रत्वा दुर्गतिं  यान्ति  मूढा स्तस्मान्मद्यं  नवै पेयम्   न पेयम्

Chitte Bhrantirjaayate Madyapaanad-bhrante Chhitte Paapcharya-mupaiti
Paapam Kritwaa Durgatim Yaanti Moodhaas-tadtmsaan-madyam Navai Paiwam Na 
Paiyam.

i.e. By consuming liquor the mind becomes confused(chitta Bhranti-can not decide what is right and what is wrong), as a result of which the drunkard commits sinful deeds (paapcharya) and thereby his condition becomes miserable (durgati).So, O unwise persons(moodha) don't consume liquor, shun liquor.






हस्तादपि  न  दातव्यं  ग्रहादपि  न  दीयते
परोपकारणार्थाय  वचने  किं दरिद्रता
Hastaadapi Na Daatavyam Grahaadapi Na Deayate
Paropakaranaarthaya Vacaney kim Daridrataa.

i.e. To help the needy one may not give in charity his money and property, but if this can be done through words of mouth, then why should one desist from doing so.  




 
मद्यपस्य कुतः सत्यं दया  मांसाशिनः  कुतः
कामिनश्च  कुतो विद्या निर्धनस्य कुतः क्रिया

Madyapasya Kutahh Satyam Daya Mansashinahh Kutahh
Kaaminashcha Kuto Vidya Nirdhanasya Kutahh Kriyaa.

i.e. It is futile to expect a drunkard (Madyapasya = person adddicted to liquor) to speak truthfully, a carnivorous person (mansashina) being kind hearted, an oversexed person being learned and a poor person being active and enterprising.






सा भार्या  या प्रियं ब्रूते  सपुत्रो  यत्र निर्व्रतिः
तन्मित्रं  यत्र विश्वास: स देशो यत्र  जीव्यते


Saa Bhaarya Ya Priyam Boote Sa Putro Yatra Nirbratih
Tanmitram Yatra Vishawashh Sa Desho Yatra Jeevyate.

i.e. An ideal wife is the one who is soft spoken, an able son is one who is learned and and expert, a good friend is one who is trustworthy and a Country where one can live happily without any fear.


Nirbratt = One who is expert/learned in many disciplines of knowledge)






दूष्टा  भार्या शठं  मित्रं  भृत्यश्चोत्तरदायकः
ससर्पे  च ग्रहे वासो म्रत्युरेव  न  संशयः

Dushtaa Bharyaa Shatham Mitram Bhratyash-chottardaayakahh
Sa-sarpo Cha Grahe Vaaso Mrityureva Na Sanshayahh'

i.e. If one has a rowdy wife, a rouge friend and a disobedient servant , it is like living in a house infested by 
snakes, there is no doubt that it may result in death any time.


Bhartya = servant uttardaayaka =one who instead of obeying the commands given to him puts up cross-questions




.


जनिता  चोपनेता  च  यश्च  विद्यां  प्रयछति
अन्नदाता  भयत्राता  पञ्चैतैः पितरः  स्मृताः

Janita Chopaneta Cha Yashcha Vidyaam Prayachhati
Annadaata Bhayat-trata Panchaitaih Putarahh Smrataa.

i.e. Your Parents, the Brahmin who performs your 'upanayan' (sacred thread ceremony performed as per Hindu Religion), your Gurus who give Vidyaa to you, your Employer (annadata- one who gives livelihood to you) and your protector (bhaya-traata), all these five (panchaitaih) are like your Elders/Ancesrors(pitarahh) and are always to be revered and remembered .






शत्रोरपि  गुणा  वाच्यां   दोषा  वाच्या  गुरोरपि
सर्वदा सर्वयत्नेन  पुत्रे  शिष्ये  हितं वदेत्


Shatrorapi Guna Vachhyaam Dosha Vachyaam Gurorapi
Sarvada Sarva-yatneana Putrey Shishyey Hitam Vadeat.

i.e. One should appreciate good qualities (guna) of even his enemies and the shortcomings (dosha) of his Teacher. But one should always make all efforts (sarva yatnean) to tell one's Son and students (shishyas) thoughts that are beneficial and of interest (hitam) to them.






कुदेशमासाद्य  कुतोर्थ  संचयः
कुपुत्रमासाद्य  कुतो  जलाञ्जलिः
कुगेहिणीं  प्राप्य गृहे कुतः सुखं
कुशिष्यमध्यापयतः  कुतो यशः


Kudesha Maasadya Kutorth Sanchayahh Kuputra Maasaadya Kuto Jalaanjalihh
Kugeihinim Praapya Grahey Kutahh Sukham Kushishya-madhyaapyatahhKuto Yashahh.

i.e.If one is living in a hostile Country (kudesh) accumulation of wealth (arth sanchaya) is out of question and if he has a prodigal Son he should not expect that he will be honored after death by Shraadha/Tarpan and other associated religious rituals (Jalaanjali)to be performed by his Son in his rememberance. And if he has a rude and quarrelsome Wife (kugeihini) there will be no family accord and if he has a unworthy disciple (kushishya) he should no expect adulation and recognition yash( as a Teacher) through such a disciple.








चलं चित्तं  चलं वित्तं  चले जीवित  योवने 
चलाचलमिदं  सर्वं  कीर्तिर्यस्य  स जीवति 

Chalam Chhitam Chalam Chhitam Chale Jiwit Yowane
Chalaachal-miam Sarvam Kirtiyasya Sa Jiwati.

i.e. The mind (chhitta) is fickle, wealth,youth and life too are short lived. Every thing in this world comes and fades away (chalaachal) but only name and fame of a person remains even after his death.






यस्मिन रुष्टे भयं नास्ति तुष्टे नैव  धनागमः
निग्रहानुग्रहो न स्तः  स  रुष्टः किं करिष्यति 

Yasmin Rushtey Bhayam Naasti Tushtey Naiwa Dhanaagamahh
Nigrahaa-nugraho Na Stahh Sa Rushtahh Kim Karishyati.

i.e. If there is neither any fear from a person on his being angry at you nor any gain from him on his being pleased at you, he neither disobeys(nigraha) nor obliges (anugraha), then what harm such a person can do to you on being angry at you ?






मृगा  मृगैः संगमनुब्रजन्ति   गावश्च  गोभिस्तुरगस्तुरङ्गैः 
मूर्खाश्च  मूर्खैः  सुधियः सुधीभिः  समानशीलव्यसनेषु  सख्यं 


Mriga Mrigaihh Sangama-nubrajanti Ggwashch Gobhis-turangas-turangaihh
Moorkhaasch Moorkhaihh Sudhiyahh Sudhibhihh Samaan-sheela-vyasaneshu=sakhyam.

i.e. Deers (mriga) roam in the company of deers, cows with other cows, and horses (turang) with other horses. Similarly 'moorkha' (foolish and unlettered persons) remain in the company of moorkhas and 'Sudhiyahh (well educated and honorable persons) always keep the company of 'Sudhiahh", which implies that those who have common nature and attributes(samaan sheela) always have friendship (sakhyam) with each other.
There is also an English proverb depicting similar thoughts i.e. 'Birds of same feather flock together.








जलबिन्दु निपातेन  कृमशः  पूर्यते  घटः 
स हेतुः  सर्वविद्यानां  धर्मस्य च धनस्य च 


Jal Bindu Nipaatean Kramashahh Pooryatey Ghatahh
Sa Heatuhh Sarva Vidyaanam Dharmasya Cha Dhanasya Cha

i.e. By receiving the droplets (jal bindu) over a period a pitcher (ghat) gets filled up. Similar is the case and way (hetu) of acquiring all types of knowledge (sarva vidya) , Religion (dharma) and Riches (dhana). [One can not get rich,acquire knowledge and Dharma overnight. These are to be acquired gradually over a period of time.]






प्रभुर्विवेकी  धनवाश्च दाता  विद्वान्  विरागी प्रमदा सुशीला 
तुरंगमः शस्त्रनिपात धीरो  भूमण्डलस्याssभरणानि  पञ्चः 


Prabhur-viveki Dhanwanscha Daata Vidwaan Viraagi Pramadaa Sushilaa
Turangamahh Shashtra-nipaat Dheerahh Bhumndalasyaa-bharaani Panchah.

i.e. A Ruler (prabhu) who is just and decisive (viveki), a rich charitable person, a learned Saadhu (viraagi), a modest and beautiful woman (pramada), a horse who is steady even during an attack by weapons (shashtra nipaat dheera,all these five glorify this Earth (Bhumandalsya aabharanani).






लुब्धानां  याचक:शत्रुशचोराणा चन्द्रमा रिपुः 
जारस्त्रीणां पतिः शत्रुर्मूखाणा बोधको  रिपुः 


Lubhdhaanaam Yaachakahh shatrushchoraanam chandrama ripuh
Jaara-streenaam Patihh Shatrurmoorkhaanam bodhako ripuh,

i.e. To misers (Lubhdhaaam) a beggar is an enemy, to fools (moorkha) a preacher (bodhak) is an enemy, to adulteress women (jaar stree) their husbands are like their enemy and to thieves a waxing (or full) Moon (during Shukla Paksha) is their enemy.






परोपदेशवेलायां शिष्ठा: सर्वे भवन्ति वै 
विस्मरन्तीह शिष्ठत्वम्  स्वकार्ये समुपस्थितम
Paropdesh Blaayam Shishthahh Sarve Bhawanti Wai
Vismarantiha Shishthawam Swakaarye Samupoastitey.

i.e. While preaching others (paropdesh) every body behaves as an ideal gentleman (Sishtha), but when their own job (swakaarya) is at hand they forget about the gentlemanly behavior they had earlier preached.






निःसारस्य पदार्थस्य प्रायेणाssडम्बरो  महान 
न सुवर्णे  ध्वनिस्ताद्याद्र्क कांस्ये प्रजायते 
Nissarasya Padaarthasya Prayenaadambaro Mahaan
Na Suwarney Dhwanis-taadya-gyaadrik Kaansyey Prajaayate.

i.e. Substances (or even men) with no or less qualities (Nissar padaarth) display more pomp and splendor (aadamber) e.g. Gold does not make any loud sound (on being hit) whereas gun metal (Kaansya -used for making bells) creates loud noise




कलारत्नं  गीतं गगंतल रत्नं दिन मणि:
सभारत्नं विद्वान् श्रवण पटुरत्नं हरिकथा 
निशारत्नं चन्द्रः श य न तल रत्नं शशिमुखी 
महीरत्नं  श्रीमान  जयति रघुनाथो नृपवरः
  
Kala Ratnam Geetam Gagantal Ratnam Dinmanihh
Sabhaa Ratnam Vidwaan Shrawanput Ratnam Hari Katha
Nisha Ratnam Chandrahh Shayantal Ratnam Shashimukhi
Mahi ratnam Shreeman Jayati Raghunatho Nripavarahh..

Song/poetry (geet) is like a gem among fine arts (kala), and so is Sun (Dinmani)among the planets in the Universe (gagan tal), a learned person (vidwaan) in an assembly (Sabha). So is the chanting of hymns in praise of God Almighty (Hari Katha) to the ears and a beautiful woman (Shashi Mukhi -face as beautiful as a full Moon) in the Bedroom (shayantal) and Shreeman Lord Ram Chandra (Raghunath) among all the Kings on this Earth.






गुणिनां निर्गुणानां  च दृष्यते महादन्तरं 
हारं कंठगतः स्त्रीणाम्  नूपुराणिच पादयोः 
  
Guninaam Nirgunanaam Cha Dryashyate Mahadanantaram
Harahh Kanthgatahh Streenaam Nupuraanicha Paadyohh.

i.e.Too much difference is visible between virtuous persons (Guni = person having quality of head and heart) and those who are bereft of these qualities (nirguna). For example a Necklace (haar) adorns the neck of a beautiful woman, whereas a Nupur ( a chain like ornaments with trinkets) which is of lesser value ,gets worn on the ankles of the feet.






गुणेषु क्रियतां यत्नः किमाटोपैः  प्रयोजनं 
विक्रीयन्ते  न घंटाभिर्गावः:क्षीर विवर्जिताः 


Guneshu Krityataam Yatnahh Kimaatopaih Prayojanam
Vikriyante Na Ghantaabhir-gawahh Kshir Vivarjitahh.

i.e. Good qualities (guneshu) make their own advertisement and there is no need of artificial pomp and splendor . For example a cow adorned with a nice bell hung around it's neck will not get sold if it does not yield milk (is during it's dry period and is not lactating).






शूरश्च कृतविद्दश्च रूपवत्यश्च योषितः 
यत्र यत्र गमिष्यन्ति तत्र तत्र कृताssदरा: 


Soorashcha Kratavidyashcha Roopwatyashcha Yoshitahh
Yatra Yatra Gamishyanti Tatra Tatra Krataaadarahh.

i.e. Warriors (Soora) , learned persons (Krata-vidyaa) and beautiful (Roopwati) women (Yoshita) are most welcome and honored (krataadara) where ever they go.






परै: प्रोक्ता गुणा यस्य निर्गुणोपि गुणी  भवेत् 
इन्द्रोऽपि लुघतां याति स्वयम् प्रख्यापितैर्गुणैः 


Paraihh Proktaa Gunahh Yasya Nirgunopi Guni Bhaweata
Indropi Laghutaam Yaati Swayam Prakhyaapitair-gunaihh.

i.e. If others tell about the qualities (Guna) of a person, even if he may not possess those qualities, he is considered (and treated) as a 'Guni'. But if even Indra (The leader of all Devtaas) himself tells about his Gunas (Swayam prakhyaapita) he gets belittled (laghutaam yaati) and not considered as a Guni.

Guni = a person possessing qualities of head and heart with many skills






अतिपरिचयादवज्ञा सततगमनादनादरो भवति 
मलये भिल्लिपुरन्ध्री चन्दनतरुकाष्टमिन्धनं  कुरुते  


Ati Parichayaa-davagyaa Satat-gamanaada-naadro Bhawati
Malaye Bhilli-purandhri Chandan-taru-kaashta-mindhanam Kurute.

i.e. Too much acquaintance (parichaya) broods neglect (awagyaa) and repeated visits to a person (satat gaman) results in disrespect from him. For example a tribal Bheel woman (bhilli-purandhri) living in Malayachal (Malayal Mountains famous for it's forests of Sandle-wood trees) uses sandlewood (chandan taru Kaastha) as firewood for the purpose of cooking.






तक्षकस्य विषं दन्ते मक्षिकायां विषं शिरः 
बृश्चिकस्य विषं पुच्छं सर्वांगे दुर्जनों विषम 


Takshakasya Visham Dantey Makshikaayaam Visham Shirahh
Vrishchikahacha Visham Pucchham Sarvaange Durjano Visham.

i.e. Poison in a snake (Taksaka = the famous snake in Hindu Mythology) is in it's teeth (danta) and that in a fly (makshika) in it's head. The poison in a scorpion (vrishchik) is in it's tail (puccham), whereas a mean and cruel person's (durjan) entire body is poisonous.( A 'durjan' is harmful to others under any circumstance)




M.C.Joshi

March 2012 subhashits

Shobhante Vidyaya Vipraa Kshatriya Vijayashriyah
Shriyo-nukool Daanena Lajjayaa Kulaangana


.शोभन्ते विद्यया  विप्रा क्षत्रिया विजयश्रिया
श्रियोSनुकूलदानेन  लज्जया  च कुलाङ्गना
A brahmin (Vipra) gets recognition through his learning(Vidya), a Kshatriya by his valour (Vijayashriya), a rich person (Vaishya) by his charitable activities (anukool daan) and women of a clan (Kukaaangana) by their modesty (Lajjaya)






Anwaagat Vidyanaam Anwayaagat Sampadam
Vidushaam ChaPrabhunaam Cha hridayam Naawalipyate.


अन्वयागतविद्यानामन्वयागत संपदाम
विदुषां  च   प्रभूणां  च  हृदयं  नाSवलिप्यते

i.e. Among persons who are very learned(Vidusham) and rich (Prabhu) as a family tradition by inheritance, they do not become proud of being so.


.(Whereas another subhashit (only second line of which I remember) says that -"Nirdhane to dhanam praptam trinwat manya te Jagat " i.e if a poor and illiterate person gets rich and becomes learned, he becomes very proud and considers others insignificant (trinawat-like ordinary grass)






Sulabhahh Purusha Rajan Satatam Priya-vaadinahh
Apriyasya Cha Pathyasya Vaktaa Shrotaa Cha Durlabhh


सुलभाः पुरुषा राजन  सततं  प्रियवादिनः
अप्रियस्य च पथ्यस्य वक्ता श्रोता च दुर्लभः

i.e. O King ! persons who always speak appeasing to you (priya-vaadi)are available in abundance (Sulabh), but such a persons who has the courage to speak the bitter truth in your interest as also such a persons who listens to such advice are very rare to find (durlabha).

Apriya Pathyasya = An advice , which although not pleasing to hear, but in one's own interest.







 यस्मिन  देशे न  सम्मानो न प्रीतिर्नबान्धवः
न च विद्द्याSSगमः कश्चिन्न तत्र  दिवसं  वसेत


Yasmin Deshe Na Sammano Na Preetir-na Bandhawah
Na Cha Vidyaagamahh Kaschin-na Tatra Divasam Vaseat.

i.e. One should not live in a country even for a day, where he does not get respect and love (samman/preeti), relatives (Baandhav),and opportunity for acquiring learning(vidyaagamahh).










Lakshmirvasati Jihwaagre Jihwaagre Mitra Bandhwaa
Jihwaagre Bandhanam Praaptam Jihwaagre Maranam Dhruwam.


लक्ष्मीर्वसति  जिह्वाग्रे  जिह्वाग्रे मित्र  बान्ध्वा:
जिह्वाग्रे बन्धनं  प्राप्तं  जिह्वाग्रे  मरणं  ध्रुवं


The manner in which one speaks (expresses his thoughts) is very cruicial.The author says that on the tip of one's tongue (Jihwaagre) Godess Lakshmi resides, so also friends and relatives. Through the tip of his tongue one gets bondage and it is also certain (dhruwam) that through its use one can also face death. The moral of this shloka is that if a person has proper control over his speech he can get very rich, have good and reliable friends and relatives. Improper use of speech can land a person into trouble (bandhan) and even result in his death.





अन्यायोपार्जितं  द्रव्यं  दश वर्षाणि तिष्टति
प्र्याप्येत्वेकादशे  वर्षे  समूलं च  विनश्यति

Anyaayopaarjitam Dravyam Dash Varshaani Tishtati
Prapyetwekaadashe Varshe Samoolam Cha Vinashyati.

i.e. Wealth and money acquired through unlawful and illegal means stays for ten years and by the eleventh year not only such wealth is lost but along with it the wealth earlier acquired or inherited is also destroyed.(samoolam cha vinashyati)

( There are such cases in hundreds where persons get rich by using unfair means detrimental to the society at large, but ultimately they meet a gory death,lose the property in the same manner they acquired or their second generation is so incompetent that all their inherited wealth is ultimately lost.)





ब्राह्मणा  गणका  वैश्या  सारमेयाश्च कुकुटाः
दृष्तेशन्येषु   कुप्यन्ति  न जाने  तस्य कारणम्

Brahmana Ganaka Vaishyaa Saarmeyascha Kukuttah
Drashteshwanyeshu Kupyanti Na Jaane Tasya Kaaranam.

i.e. Brahmins, astrologers(Ganak), prostitutes(Vaishyaa), dogs (Saarmeya), and Cocks (Kukutta), become angry merely on being looked upon,and no body knows the reason for such a behavior.





स एव धन्यो  विपदि यः स्वरुपम् न मुञ्चति
त्यजत्यर्क करैस्तप्तं  हिमं देहं न शीतताम


Sa Eva Dhanyo Vipadi Yah Swaroopam Na Munchati
Tyajatyarka-karais-taptam Himam Deham Na Sheet-taam.

i.e. Such a person, who does not shed away his inherent good nature and human values, even when he is in great distress and danger, is praiseworthy (Dhanya), 
just as Ice (Hima) does not shed away it's coolness when it gets exposed to burning rays of a scorching Sun and gets melted rather than shedding it's coolness.





पद्स्थितस्य  पद्मस्य  मित्रे  वरुण  भास्करौ
पदच्युतस्य   तस्येव क्लेशदाहकरावुभौ


Pada-sthitasya Padmasya Mitrey Varun Bhaskarou
Pada-chyutasya Tasyeewa Klesh-daahkara Bhuwou.

i.e. When the lotus flower (Padma) is well placed (growing in a pond or lake full of water, then water (Varun) and Sun (Bhaskar) are friendly towards him (help the flowers to grow and bloom) , but once the lotus is not in that environment (pada-chyuta) these very 'friends' cause harm to it (kleshkara) and make it dry up
(daahkara).


The underlining theme is that so long a person is in prominent position he gets attention and support . But once he loses the position the same persons who were friendly and helpful to him tend to cause harm to him



.
मासिमासि  समा  ज्योत्स्ना  पक्षमेरुभयोरपि
तत्रेकः शुक्लपक्षो  भूयशः  पुण्येरवाप्यते


Maasi Maasi Sama Jyotsna Pakshyo-rubhayorapi
Tatreakah Shukla Paksho-bhuyashah Punyerawapyat

i.e.Month after month there is equal light (brightness) in both the fortnights of waxing and waning moon called Shukla Paksha and Krishna Paksha, but the Shukla Paksha gets all the credit and corners all the credit and is considered auspicious.

The underlining idea behind this Subhashit is that among persons of equal caliber one gets all the credit and adulation, whereas the other person equally competent gets ignored. That is why it is said that "Bhaagyam Phalati Sarvatra, Na Cha Vidya Na Ch Paurusham" i.e. fate (bhagya) is the deciding factor in one's progress and success and his learning and sincere efforts are immaterial.






विद्याभ्यासो विचारश्च  समयोरेव  शोभते 
विवाहश्च  विवादश्च   समयोरेव  शोभते 


Vidyabhyaso Vicharashcha Samayoreva Shobhate
Vivahashcha Vivadascha Samayoreva Shobhate.

i.e. The process of learning (Vidyabhyasa) and thinking to do some thing (vichar) is to be done at the appropriate time and then it is fruitful . Similarly marriage (vivah) and argument/settling disputes (Vivad) should be done at the appropriate time.






सत्यं ब्रूयात  प्रियं ब्रूयात  न ब्रूयात सत्यमप्रियं 
प्रियं च सूनृतं  ब्रूयात एष धर्मः  सनातनः 

Satyam Brooyaat Priyam Brooyaat Na Bruyaat Satya-mapriyam
Priyam Cha Soonratam Brooyaat Eash Dharmahh Sanatanah.

i.e. One should speak. the truth that is palatable to others (priyam) and should not speak such truth which is disliked (apriya Satya). The cardinal principal(Dharmahh Sanatan) is that one should always speak only such truth that is palatable(Soonratam).

स्त्री विनश्यति  रूपेण ब्राह्मणो राजसेवया
गावोः दूरप्रचारेण  हिरण्यं लाभलिप्सया 

Stree Vinashyati Roopean Brahmanoo Raj-sewaya
Gawoo Doorprachareana Hiranyam Laabh-lipsayaa.

i.e. The cause of downfall of a woman is due to her being very beautiful, of a Brahmin by being in the service of a Raja , of cows due to their straying far away in the wild and of wealth due to too much greed. (That is why it is said that "Atih Sarvatra Varjayeat" that is too much of every thing should be avoided.)

वाणी व्याकरणेन  हंसमिथुनैर्नद्यःसभा  पण्डितः
सत्पुत्रेण कुलं नृपेण वसुधा लोकत्रयं विष्णुना  

Vaani Vyaakarnean Hansa Mithuner-nadyahh Sabha Panditaih
Satputrean Kulam Nripaen Vasudha Lokatrayam Vasudha.

i.e. The dialect (manner of speaking) of a person is impressive if he has knowledge of Grammer (Vyaakaran), a river is adorned if pairs of swans (Hansa Mithuna) are floating in it, an assembly of persons(Sabha) gets adulation/praise due to the presence of learned persons (Panditaih) , a Kula (family hierarchy) gets glory if competent and honorable sons are born in it as descendants, a Country by having a noble Ruler (Nripa) and the entire Universe (lokatrayam-three loks ,Swarga, Prithvi and Paataa according to Hindu Mythology) by the benevolence of God (Vasudeva).






संवर्धितोपि  भुजगः पयसा न वश्य

स्ततपालकानापि  निहन्ति  बलेन सि'ह:
दुष्टः परैरूपकृतस्तदनिष्टकारी 
 विश्वासलेश इह  नैव बुधैर्विधेयः 
    

Samvardhitopi Bhujagahh Payasaa Na Vashyas-
-tat Paalkaanapi Nihanti Balaena Sinahh
Dushtahh Parai-rupkritas-tadanapnishtakaari
Vishwasleash Eih Naaiv Budhair-vidheayahh.

i.e. Even by feeding with milk a snake (Bhujaga) is not under the control of it's owner and similarly a Lion can any time kill the person who has domesticated it (paalak). That is why learned people (Budha) say that one should never trust those who are mean (dushta) even if they have been obliged/helped (Upkrita).

सुजनो न याति वैरं  परहित कार्ये  विनाशकालेपि
चेदेपि  चन्दन  तरुः सुरभियति  मुखं कुठरस्य

Sujano Na yaati Vairam Parhit Kaarye Vinash Kaalepi
Chedeyepi Chandan Taruhh Surbhiyati Mukham Kuthaarasya'

i.e. Honorable persons (Sujan) do not show enmity even if they face danger of extinction e.g. the sandalwood while being chopped by an axe makes it's head fragrant.






उदये सविता रक्तो रक्तास्चास्तसमये  तथा

सम्पत्तौ  च विपत्तौ च महतामेकरूपता

Udaye Savita Raktaas-chaasta-maye Tatha
Sampatyo Cha Vipattyo cha Mahata-mek-roopta.

i.e. The condition of Sun (Savita)is the same at the time of rising(uday) in the morning and setting in the evening(asta samaya). Similarly honorable persons'(mahata) attitude and behavior remains the same when they are affluent(sampatto) and when they are in trouble and facing danger(vipattyo).

 खलास्तु दूरतस्त्याज्यं  कण्टका इव सर्वदा 
येषां  क्षणिक योगेन  सन्मार्गोSप्यति दुक्खितः 


Khalaastu Doortas-tyaajyaam Kantaka Eiv Sarvadaa
Yeshaam Kshanik Yogeana Sanmargopyati Dukhhitahh.

i.e. Mean and lowly persons are like thorns, who should always be avoided and kept at bay , as their company always causes trouble even while travelling through a right path (sanmaarga).

वरं  पर्वतदुर्गेषु  भ्रान्तं वनचरैः सहः 
न  मूर्खजन संपर्कः सुरेन्द्र भवनेश्वपि 

Varam Parvat Durgeshu Bhraantam Vancharaih Sahh
Na Moorkha Jan Sampakahh Surendra Bhawaneshwapi.

i.e. It is preferable to to roam in a dense forests and forts in the company of Aadivasis (Vanchar) rather than be in the company of a foolish person even in a Temple (or a holy place).
Surendra Bhawan =God's abode




असित गिरि समं स्यात कज्जलं सिन्धु पात्रे 

सुरतरु वर शाखा लेखिनी पत्रमुर्वी 
लिखति यदि ग्रहीत्वा शारदा  सर्वकालम् 
तदपि तव गुणानांSमीश पारं न याती
  

Asit Giri Samam Syaat Kajjalam Sindhu Paatrey
Surtaru Vara Shaakha Lekhani Patramurvi
Likhati Yadi Graheetwa Sharada Sarva Kaalam
Tadapi Tav Gunaanaa-meash Paaram Na Yaati.

i.e. Even if the ink powder(Kajjalam) be a heap like a mountain and Ocean as an ink pot and if a branch of Kalpataru(the famous tree of gods fulfilling all wishes) be used as a pen (lekhani) with the entire Earth(Urvi) as writing paper (patra) and Godess Saraswati (Sharada) continues to write non-stop (sarva kaalam)in your praise,even then she (Saraswati) is not able to fathom your virtues (Guna) and praise you befittingly




.

यथा धेनु सहस्त्रेषु  वत्सो विन्दति  मातरम् 
तथा पूर्वकृतं कर्मं  कर्तारमनुगच्छति 

Yatha Dhenu Sahashtreshu Vatso Vindati Maataram
Tathaa Poorva Kratam Karma Kartaar-manugachhati.

i.e. Just as a calf (vatsa) can locate it's mother in a herd of thousands of cows (Dhenu), similarly a person meets his fate according to the deeds done by him. in his earlier birth (poorva krata karma).






धनैर्निष्कुलीना कुलीना भवन्ति

धनैरापदं   मानवा निस्तरन्ति
धनेभ्यः परो बान्धवो  नास्ति  लोके
धनान्यर्जनध्वम् धनानन्यर्जनध्वम्

Dhanair-nishkulina Kulinaa Bhawanti, Dhanairaapadam Maanava Nistaranti
Dhanebhyah Paro Bandhawai Naasti Lokey, Dhananyarjayadhwam Dhanyarjayadhwam.

If a person is moneyed (Dhani) even if he is from a backward caste (niskulin) he is treated like an upper caste person(Kulin), people come out of calamities (Aapada) with it's help. In this world none is a better friend and relative than money. So earn more money, more and more money.






आत्मनो मुख दोषेन बध्यन्ते  शुक सारिका 

वकास्तत्र  न बध्यन्ते  मौनं सर्वार्थ साधकम्

Aatmano Mukha-doshean Badhyante Shuk Sarikah

Bakaastatra Na Badhyantye Maunam Sarvaarth Saadhanam.

i.e. Parrots and Mynaas (birds which can imitate human voice) get entrapped and killed only due to their this special faculty (mukha dosha),whereas cranes (Baka) are not killed (because of their remaining silent (maun), which implies that remaining silent ( not speaking unnecessarily and untimely) solves all problems






गतवयसामपि पुन्सां  येषामर्था  भवन्ति ते तरुणाः 
अर्थेव तु ये हीना   ब्रद्धास्ते  यौवनेऽपि  स्यु .

Gatvayasa-mapi Punsaam Yeshamartha Bhawanti Tey Tarunahh
Artheyna To Yey Heena Vraddhaaste Yowaneypi Syuhh.

i.e. Aged persons (gat vayasa) if they are rich are treated and behave like young persons(tarunah). On the other hand persons without money (artha)become and behave like aged persons even in the prime of their youth.






गुणवन्तः क्लिश्यन्ते प्रायेण भवन्ति निर्गुणाः सुखिनः
बन्धनमायन्ति शुका यथेष्टसंचारिणः काकाः 

Gunawantah Klishyante Prayeana Bhawanti Nirgunahh Sukhinahh
Bandhanmaayanti Shuka Yatheshta-sanchaarinahh Kaakaahh.

i.e. In general persons having skills (Guna) face hardships (Klishyante), whereas those who have none (Nirguna) remain care free and happy (Sukhi) e.g. parrots are entrapped and kept in cages and crows roam in the sky care free.






न्यायार्जितधनस्तत्वज्ञाननिष्ठोSतिथिप्रियः 

शाश्त्रवित्सत्यवादी च न ग्रहस्थोSपि  विमुच्यते 

Nyaayaarjit-dhanas-tatwa-gyananishtho-tithipriyahh
Shaashtrawit-satyavaadi Cha Grasthopi Vimuchyate.

i.e.A person,who has earned his wealth through fair and legal means (nyaayawit) becomes religious and knowledgeable (tatwa gyannishtha),fond of attending to guests,(atithi priya), expert in various arts and crafts (shashtrawit), trthful b(satyavaadi)and ultimately gets salvation(viumuchyate) from family life (grahastha).

स्वभाव कठिनास्यास्य  कृत्रिमाँ  विभ्रतो नतिम,
गुणोSपि परहिंसायै  चापस्य च खलस्य च  


Swabhaava Kahinasyaasya Krittimaam Vibhrato Natim
Gunopi Par-hinsaayey Chaapasya Cha Khalasya Cha.

i.e. The attitude (swabhava) of mean and crooked persons is very unwieldy and cruel (kathina) like a bow(chaapa). Both wield (natim) artificialy (krittimam) if force is applied on them, but as their true nature is, the ultimate result is harm to others.  (par hinsaa)

M.C.Joshi.