Yasmin Vanshey Samutpannas-tamewa Nija-cheshtitaihh
Dooshayitwaa-chirenewa Ghunakeeta Evaadhamahh.
यस्मिन वंशे समुत्पन्नस्तमेव निजचेष्टितः
दूषयित्वाचिरेनेव घुणकीट इवाSधमः
i.e. Mean and lowly (Adham) persons are like the 'Ghun' (an insect found in foodgrains,which lives inside the grain and makes it hollow), as they pollute and bring disgrace (Dooshayiit) the family in which they are born.
Gaatrahh Sankuchitam Gatirvigalita Bhrashta Ch Dantawali
Drishtir-vashyati Vardhate Vadhirata Vaktram Cha Laalayate
Vakyam Naadriyate Cha Bandhava Janairbhaarya Na Sushhrooshate
Ha Kashtam Purushahsya Jeernavayasah Putreyapyamitraayate.
गात्रः संकुचितं गतिर्विगलिता भ्रष्टा च दन्तावली
दृश्तिर्नष्यति वर्धते वधिरता वक्त्रं च लालायते
वाक्यं ना द्रियते च बान्धव्जनै भार्या न शुश्रूयते
हा कष्टं पुरुषस्य जीर्ण वयसः पुत्रोप्यमित्रायते
i.e. Body gets withered , gait becomes unsteady, teeth become unusable, eyesight becomes weak, deafness increases, mouth salivates, there is no consistency in talking,relatives and wife do not take one's care.These are the problems faced by a person in his old age .Even his son becomes hostile towards him
Mitram Preti Rasayanam Nayanyo-ranandanam Cheatasahhh
Paatram Yatsukh-dukhyhh Sahbhawean-mitrean Taddurlabham
Ye Chaanye Suhradahh Samriddhi Samaye Dravyaabhilasha-kulaah
-te Sarvatra Milanti Tatwaniksh-grawaa Cha Teshaam Vipat.
मित्रं प्रीति रसायनं नयनयोरानन्दनं चेतसः
पात्रं यत्सुखदुःखयोः सहः भवेन्मित्रेण तदद्दुर्लभम्
ये चान्ये सुह्रद: समृद्धि समये द्र व्या भिलाषाssकुला-
स्ते सर्वत्र मिलन्ति तत्वनिकषग्रावा च तेषां विपत्
i.e. A friend,who tends to increase your affection (preti) towards him, his presnce is pleasing to your eyes and who shares with you your good and bad situations (sukh-dukha) equally, is very rare to get. Whereas your well wishers and elatives , who,during the periods of your affluence (samriddhi samaya) are always eager to share your wealth (dravyabhilashakulahh), are found every where. The real test of friendship (tatwanikkashgrawa) is only when one is in trouble.
मक्षिका मशको वैश्या मूषिको याचकस्तथा
ग्रामणीर्गणकश्चैव सप्तेतै परभक्षका
Makshika Mashako Vaishyaa Mooshiko Yaachakastatha
Gramanir-ganakashchaiwa Sapteite Par-bhakshkaa.
i.e. Fleas,mosquitoes, prostitutes, rodents (mooshiko), beggars, village head/barbers (gramani) and astrologers(ganak/jyotishi), all these Seven are in the category of parasites (one who lives at the expense of some one else or society).
चित्ते भ्रान्तिर्जायते मद्यपानद्भ्रान्ते चित्ते पापचर्यामुपेति
पापं क्रत्वा दुर्गतिं यान्ति मूढा स्तस्मान्मद्यं नवै पेयम् न पेयम्
Chitte Bhrantirjaayate Madyapaanad-bhrante Chhitte Paapcharya-mupaiti
Paapam Kritwaa Durgatim Yaanti Moodhaas-tadtmsaan-madyam Navai Paiwam Na
Paiyam.
i.e. By consuming liquor the mind becomes confused(chitta Bhranti-can not decide what is right and what is wrong), as a result of which the drunkard commits sinful deeds (paapcharya) and thereby his condition becomes miserable (durgati).So, O unwise persons(moodha) don't consume liquor, shun liquor.
हस्तादपि न दातव्यं ग्रहादपि न दीयते
परोपकारणार्थाय वचने किं दरिद्रता
Hastaadapi Na Daatavyam Grahaadapi Na Deayate
Paropakaranaarthaya Vacaney kim Daridrataa.
i.e. To help the needy one may not give in charity his money and property, but if this can be done through words of mouth, then why should one desist from doing so.
मद्यपस्य कुतः सत्यं दया मांसाशिनः कुतः
कामिनश्च कुतो विद्या निर्धनस्य कुतः क्रिया
Madyapasya Kutahh Satyam Daya Mansashinahh Kutahh
Kaaminashcha Kuto Vidya Nirdhanasya Kutahh Kriyaa.
i.e. It is futile to expect a drunkard (Madyapasya = person adddicted to liquor) to speak truthfully, a carnivorous person (mansashina) being kind hearted, an oversexed person being learned and a poor person being active and enterprising.
सा भार्या या प्रियं ब्रूते सपुत्रो यत्र निर्व्रतिः
तन्मित्रं यत्र विश्वास: स देशो यत्र जीव्यते
Saa Bhaarya Ya Priyam Boote Sa Putro Yatra Nirbratih
Tanmitram Yatra Vishawashh Sa Desho Yatra Jeevyate.
i.e. An ideal wife is the one who is soft spoken, an able son is one who is learned and and expert, a good friend is one who is trustworthy and a Country where one can live happily without any fear.
Nirbratt = One who is expert/learned in many disciplines of knowledge)
दूष्टा भार्या शठं मित्रं भृत्यश्चोत्तरदायकः
ससर्पे च ग्रहे वासो म्रत्युरेव न संशयः
Dushtaa Bharyaa Shatham Mitram Bhratyash-chottardaayakahh
Sa-sarpo Cha Grahe Vaaso Mrityureva Na Sanshayahh'
i.e. If one has a rowdy wife, a rouge friend and a disobedient servant , it is like living in a house infested by
snakes, there is no doubt that it may result in death any time.
Bhartya = servant uttardaayaka =one who instead of obeying the commands given to him puts up cross-questions
.
जनिता चोपनेता च यश्च विद्यां प्रयछति
अन्नदाता भयत्राता पञ्चैतैः पितरः स्मृताः
Janita Chopaneta Cha Yashcha Vidyaam Prayachhati
Annadaata Bhayat-trata Panchaitaih Putarahh Smrataa.
i.e. Your Parents, the Brahmin who performs your 'upanayan' (sacred thread ceremony performed as per Hindu Religion), your Gurus who give Vidyaa to you, your Employer (annadata- one who gives livelihood to you) and your protector (bhaya-traata), all these five (panchaitaih) are like your Elders/Ancesrors(pitarahh) and are always to be revered and remembered .
शत्रोरपि गुणा वाच्यां दोषा वाच्या गुरोरपि
सर्वदा सर्वयत्नेन पुत्रे शिष्ये हितं वदेत्
Shatrorapi Guna Vachhyaam Dosha Vachyaam Gurorapi
Sarvada Sarva-yatneana Putrey Shishyey Hitam Vadeat.
i.e. One should appreciate good qualities (guna) of even his enemies and the shortcomings (dosha) of his Teacher. But one should always make all efforts (sarva yatnean) to tell one's Son and students (shishyas) thoughts that are beneficial and of interest (hitam) to them.
कुदेशमासाद्य कुतोर्थ संचयः
कुपुत्रमासाद्य कुतो जलाञ्जलिः
कुगेहिणीं प्राप्य गृहे कुतः सुखं
कुशिष्यमध्यापयतः कुतो यशः
Kudesha Maasadya Kutorth Sanchayahh Kuputra Maasaadya Kuto Jalaanjalihh
Kugeihinim Praapya Grahey Kutahh Sukham Kushishya-madhyaapyatahhKuto Yashahh.
i.e.If one is living in a hostile Country (kudesh) accumulation of wealth (arth sanchaya) is out of question and if he has a prodigal Son he should not expect that he will be honored after death by Shraadha/Tarpan and other associated religious rituals (Jalaanjali)to be performed by his Son in his rememberance. And if he has a rude and quarrelsome Wife (kugeihini) there will be no family accord and if he has a unworthy disciple (kushishya) he should no expect adulation and recognition yash( as a Teacher) through such a disciple.
चलं चित्तं चलं वित्तं चले जीवित योवने
चलाचलमिदं सर्वं कीर्तिर्यस्य स जीवति
Chalam Chhitam Chalam Chhitam Chale Jiwit Yowane
Chalaachal-miam Sarvam Kirtiyasya Sa Jiwati.
i.e. The mind (chhitta) is fickle, wealth,youth and life too are short lived. Every thing in this world comes and fades away (chalaachal) but only name and fame of a person remains even after his death.
यस्मिन रुष्टे भयं नास्ति तुष्टे नैव धनागमः
निग्रहानुग्रहो न स्तः स रुष्टः किं करिष्यति
Yasmin Rushtey Bhayam Naasti Tushtey Naiwa Dhanaagamahh
Nigrahaa-nugraho Na Stahh Sa Rushtahh Kim Karishyati.
i.e. If there is neither any fear from a person on his being angry at you nor any gain from him on his being pleased at you, he neither disobeys(nigraha) nor obliges (anugraha), then what harm such a person can do to you on being angry at you ?
मृगा मृगैः संगमनुब्रजन्ति गावश्च गोभिस्तुरगस्तुरङ्गैः
मूर्खाश्च मूर्खैः सुधियः सुधीभिः समानशीलव्यसनेषु सख्यं
Mriga Mrigaihh Sangama-nubrajanti Ggwashch Gobhis-turangas-turangaihh
Moorkhaasch Moorkhaihh Sudhiyahh Sudhibhihh Samaan-sheela-vyasaneshu=sakhy
i.e. Deers (mriga) roam in the company of deers, cows with other cows, and horses (turang) with other horses. Similarly 'moorkha' (foolish and unlettered persons) remain in the company of moorkhas and 'Sudhiyahh (well educated and honorable persons) always keep the company of 'Sudhiahh", which implies that those who have common nature and attributes(samaan sheela) always have friendship (sakhyam) with each other.
There is also an English proverb depicting similar thoughts i.e. 'Birds of same feather flock together.
जलबिन्दु निपातेन कृमशः पूर्यते घटः
स हेतुः सर्वविद्यानां धर्मस्य च धनस्य च
Jal Bindu Nipaatean Kramashahh Pooryatey Ghatahh
Sa Heatuhh Sarva Vidyaanam Dharmasya Cha Dhanasya Cha
i.e. By receiving the droplets (jal bindu) over a period a pitcher (ghat) gets filled up. Similar is the case and way (hetu) of acquiring all types of knowledge (sarva vidya) , Religion (dharma) and Riches (dhana). [One can not get rich,acquire knowledge and Dharma overnight. These are to be acquired gradually over a period of time.]
प्रभुर्विवेकी धनवाश्च दाता विद्वान् विरागी प्रमदा सुशीला
तुरंगमः शस्त्रनिपात धीरो भूमण्डलस्याssभरणानि पञ्चः
Prabhur-viveki Dhanwanscha Daata Vidwaan Viraagi Pramadaa Sushilaa
Turangamahh Shashtra-nipaat Dheerahh Bhumndalasyaa-bharaani Panchah.
i.e. A Ruler (prabhu) who is just and decisive (viveki), a rich charitable person, a learned Saadhu (viraagi), a modest and beautiful woman (pramada), a horse who is steady even during an attack by weapons (shashtra nipaat dheera,all these five glorify this Earth (Bhumandalsya aabharanani).
लुब्धानां याचक:शत्रुशचोराणा चन्द्रमा रिपुः
जारस्त्रीणां पतिः शत्रुर्मूखाणा बोधको रिपुः
Lubhdhaanaam Yaachakahh shatrushchoraanam chandrama ripuh
Jaara-streenaam Patihh Shatrurmoorkhaanam bodhako ripuh,
i.e. To misers (Lubhdhaaam) a beggar is an enemy, to fools (moorkha) a preacher (bodhak) is an enemy, to adulteress women (jaar stree) their husbands are like their enemy and to thieves a waxing (or full) Moon (during Shukla Paksha) is their enemy.
परोपदेशवेलायां शिष्ठा: सर्वे भवन्ति वै
विस्मरन्तीह शिष्ठत्वम् स्वकार्ये समुपस्थितम
Paropdesh Blaayam Shishthahh Sarve Bhawanti Wai
Vismarantiha Shishthawam Swakaarye Samupoastitey.
i.e. While preaching others (paropdesh) every body behaves as an ideal gentleman (Sishtha), but when their own job (swakaarya) is at hand they forget about the gentlemanly behavior they had earlier preached.
निःसारस्य पदार्थस्य प्रायेणाssडम्बरो महान
न सुवर्णे ध्वनिस्ताद्याद्र्क कांस्ये प्रजायते
Nissarasya Padaarthasya Prayenaadambaro Mahaan
Na Suwarney Dhwanis-taadya-gyaadrik Kaansyey Prajaayate.
i.e. Substances (or even men) with no or less qualities (Nissar padaarth) display more pomp and splendor (aadamber) e.g. Gold does not make any loud sound (on being hit) whereas gun metal (Kaansya -used for making bells) creates loud noise
कलारत्नं गीतं गगंतल रत्नं दिन मणि:
सभारत्नं विद्वान् श्रवण पटुरत्नं हरिकथा
निशारत्नं चन्द्रः श य न तल रत्नं शशिमुखी
महीरत्नं श्रीमान जयति रघुनाथो नृपवरः
Kala Ratnam Geetam Gagantal Ratnam Dinmanihh
Sabhaa Ratnam Vidwaan Shrawanput Ratnam Hari Katha
Nisha Ratnam Chandrahh Shayantal Ratnam Shashimukhi
Mahi ratnam Shreeman Jayati Raghunatho Nripavarahh..
Song/poetry (geet) is like a gem among fine arts (kala), and so is Sun (Dinmani)among the planets in the Universe (gagan tal), a learned person (vidwaan) in an assembly (Sabha). So is the chanting of hymns in praise of God Almighty (Hari Katha) to the ears and a beautiful woman (Shashi Mukhi -face as beautiful as a full Moon) in the Bedroom (shayantal) and Shreeman Lord Ram Chandra (Raghunath) among all the Kings on this Earth.
गुणिनां निर्गुणानां च दृष्यते महादन्तरं
हारं कंठगतः स्त्रीणाम् नूपुराणिच पादयोः
Guninaam Nirgunanaam Cha Dryashyate Mahadanantaram
Harahh Kanthgatahh Streenaam Nupuraanicha Paadyohh.
i.e.Too much difference is visible between virtuous persons (Guni = person having quality of head and heart) and those who are bereft of these qualities (nirguna). For example a Necklace (haar) adorns the neck of a beautiful woman, whereas a Nupur ( a chain like ornaments with trinkets) which is of lesser value ,gets worn on the ankles of the feet.
गुणेषु क्रियतां यत्नः किमाटोपैः प्रयोजनं
विक्रीयन्ते न घंटाभिर्गावः:क्षीर विवर्जिताः
Guneshu Krityataam Yatnahh Kimaatopaih Prayojanam
Vikriyante Na Ghantaabhir-gawahh Kshir Vivarjitahh.
i.e. Good qualities (guneshu) make their own advertisement and there is no need of artificial pomp and splendor . For example a cow adorned with a nice bell hung around it's neck will not get sold if it does not yield milk (is during it's dry period and is not lactating).
शूरश्च कृतविद्दश्च रूपवत्यश्च योषितः
यत्र यत्र गमिष्यन्ति तत्र तत्र कृताssदरा:
Soorashcha Kratavidyashcha Roopwatyashcha Yoshitahh
Yatra Yatra Gamishyanti Tatra Tatra Krataaadarahh.
i.e. Warriors (Soora) , learned persons (Krata-vidyaa) and beautiful (Roopwati) women (Yoshita) are most welcome and honored (krataadara) where ever they go.
परै: प्रोक्ता गुणा यस्य निर्गुणोपि गुणी भवेत्
इन्द्रोऽपि लुघतां याति स्वयम् प्रख्यापितैर्गुणैः
Paraihh Proktaa Gunahh Yasya Nirgunopi Guni Bhaweata
Indropi Laghutaam Yaati Swayam Prakhyaapitair-gunaihh.
i.e. If others tell about the qualities (Guna) of a person, even if he may not possess those qualities, he is considered (and treated) as a 'Guni'. But if even Indra (The leader of all Devtaas) himself tells about his Gunas (Swayam prakhyaapita) he gets belittled (laghutaam yaati) and not considered as a Guni.
Guni = a person possessing qualities of head and heart with many skills
अतिपरिचयादवज्ञा सततगमनादनादरो भवति
मलये भिल्लिपुरन्ध्री चन्दनतरुकाष्टमिन्धनं कुरुते
Ati Parichayaa-davagyaa Satat-gamanaada-naadro Bhawati
Malaye Bhilli-purandhri Chandan-taru-kaashta-mindhanam
i.e. Too much acquaintance (parichaya) broods neglect (awagyaa) and repeated visits to a person (satat gaman) results in disrespect from him. For example a tribal Bheel woman (bhilli-purandhri) living in Malayachal (Malayal Mountains famous for it's forests of Sandle-wood trees) uses sandlewood (chandan taru Kaastha) as firewood for the purpose of cooking.
तक्षकस्य विषं दन्ते मक्षिकायां विषं शिरः
बृश्चिकस्य विषं पुच्छं सर्वांगे दुर्जनों विषम
Takshakasya Visham Dantey Makshikaayaam Visham Shirahh
Vrishchikahacha Visham Pucchham Sarvaange Durjano Visham.
i.e. Poison in a snake (Taksaka = the famous snake in Hindu Mythology) is in it's teeth (danta) and that in a fly (makshika) in it's head. The poison in a scorpion (vrishchik) is in it's tail (puccham), whereas a mean and cruel person's (durjan) entire body is poisonous.( A 'durjan' is harmful to others under any circumstance)
M.C.Joshi
Dooshayitwaa-chirenewa Ghunakeeta Evaadhamahh.
यस्मिन वंशे समुत्पन्नस्तमेव निजचेष्टितः
दूषयित्वाचिरेनेव घुणकीट इवाSधमः
i.e. Mean and lowly (Adham) persons are like the 'Ghun' (an insect found in foodgrains,which lives inside the grain and makes it hollow), as they pollute and bring disgrace (Dooshayiit) the family in which they are born.
Gaatrahh Sankuchitam Gatirvigalita Bhrashta Ch Dantawali
Drishtir-vashyati Vardhate Vadhirata Vaktram Cha Laalayate
Vakyam Naadriyate Cha Bandhava Janairbhaarya Na Sushhrooshate
Ha Kashtam Purushahsya Jeernavayasah Putreyapyamitraayate.
गात्रः संकुचितं गतिर्विगलिता भ्रष्टा च दन्तावली
दृश्तिर्नष्यति वर्धते वधिरता वक्त्रं च लालायते
वाक्यं ना द्रियते च बान्धव्जनै भार्या न शुश्रूयते
हा कष्टं पुरुषस्य जीर्ण वयसः पुत्रोप्यमित्रायते
i.e. Body gets withered , gait becomes unsteady, teeth become unusable, eyesight becomes weak, deafness increases, mouth salivates, there is no consistency in talking,relatives and wife do not take one's care.These are the problems faced by a person in his old age .Even his son becomes hostile towards him
Mitram Preti Rasayanam Nayanyo-ranandanam Cheatasahhh
Paatram Yatsukh-dukhyhh Sahbhawean-mitrean Taddurlabham
Ye Chaanye Suhradahh Samriddhi Samaye Dravyaabhilasha-kulaah
-te Sarvatra Milanti Tatwaniksh-grawaa Cha Teshaam Vipat.
मित्रं प्रीति रसायनं नयनयोरानन्दनं चेतसः
पात्रं यत्सुखदुःखयोः सहः भवेन्मित्रेण तदद्दुर्लभम्
ये चान्ये सुह्रद: समृद्धि समये द्र व्या भिलाषाssकुला-
स्ते सर्वत्र मिलन्ति तत्वनिकषग्रावा च तेषां विपत्
i.e. A friend,who tends to increase your affection (preti) towards him, his presnce is pleasing to your eyes and who shares with you your good and bad situations (sukh-dukha) equally, is very rare to get. Whereas your well wishers and elatives , who,during the periods of your affluence (samriddhi samaya) are always eager to share your wealth (dravyabhilashakulahh), are found every where. The real test of friendship (tatwanikkashgrawa) is only when one is in trouble.
मक्षिका मशको वैश्या मूषिको याचकस्तथा
ग्रामणीर्गणकश्चैव सप्तेतै परभक्षका
Makshika Mashako Vaishyaa Mooshiko Yaachakastatha
Gramanir-ganakashchaiwa Sapteite Par-bhakshkaa.
i.e. Fleas,mosquitoes, prostitutes, rodents (mooshiko), beggars, village head/barbers (gramani) and astrologers(ganak/jyotishi), all these Seven are in the category of parasites (one who lives at the expense of some one else or society).
चित्ते भ्रान्तिर्जायते मद्यपानद्भ्रान्ते चित्ते पापचर्यामुपेति
पापं क्रत्वा दुर्गतिं यान्ति मूढा स्तस्मान्मद्यं नवै पेयम् न पेयम्
Chitte Bhrantirjaayate Madyapaanad-bhrante Chhitte Paapcharya-mupaiti
Paapam Kritwaa Durgatim Yaanti Moodhaas-tadtmsaan-madyam Navai Paiwam Na
Paiyam.
i.e. By consuming liquor the mind becomes confused(chitta Bhranti-can not decide what is right and what is wrong), as a result of which the drunkard commits sinful deeds (paapcharya) and thereby his condition becomes miserable (durgati).So, O unwise persons(moodha) don't consume liquor, shun liquor.
हस्तादपि न दातव्यं ग्रहादपि न दीयते
परोपकारणार्थाय वचने किं दरिद्रता
Hastaadapi Na Daatavyam Grahaadapi Na Deayate
Paropakaranaarthaya Vacaney kim Daridrataa.
i.e. To help the needy one may not give in charity his money and property, but if this can be done through words of mouth, then why should one desist from doing so.
मद्यपस्य कुतः सत्यं दया मांसाशिनः कुतः
कामिनश्च कुतो विद्या निर्धनस्य कुतः क्रिया
Madyapasya Kutahh Satyam Daya Mansashinahh Kutahh
Kaaminashcha Kuto Vidya Nirdhanasya Kutahh Kriyaa.
i.e. It is futile to expect a drunkard (Madyapasya = person adddicted to liquor) to speak truthfully, a carnivorous person (mansashina) being kind hearted, an oversexed person being learned and a poor person being active and enterprising.
सा भार्या या प्रियं ब्रूते सपुत्रो यत्र निर्व्रतिः
तन्मित्रं यत्र विश्वास: स देशो यत्र जीव्यते
Saa Bhaarya Ya Priyam Boote Sa Putro Yatra Nirbratih
Tanmitram Yatra Vishawashh Sa Desho Yatra Jeevyate.
i.e. An ideal wife is the one who is soft spoken, an able son is one who is learned and and expert, a good friend is one who is trustworthy and a Country where one can live happily without any fear.
Nirbratt = One who is expert/learned in many disciplines of knowledge)
दूष्टा भार्या शठं मित्रं भृत्यश्चोत्तरदायकः
ससर्पे च ग्रहे वासो म्रत्युरेव न संशयः
Dushtaa Bharyaa Shatham Mitram Bhratyash-chottardaayakahh
Sa-sarpo Cha Grahe Vaaso Mrityureva Na Sanshayahh'
i.e. If one has a rowdy wife, a rouge friend and a disobedient servant , it is like living in a house infested by
snakes, there is no doubt that it may result in death any time.
Bhartya = servant uttardaayaka =one who instead of obeying the commands given to him puts up cross-questions
.
जनिता चोपनेता च यश्च विद्यां प्रयछति
अन्नदाता भयत्राता पञ्चैतैः पितरः स्मृताः
Janita Chopaneta Cha Yashcha Vidyaam Prayachhati
Annadaata Bhayat-trata Panchaitaih Putarahh Smrataa.
i.e. Your Parents, the Brahmin who performs your 'upanayan' (sacred thread ceremony performed as per Hindu Religion), your Gurus who give Vidyaa to you, your Employer (annadata- one who gives livelihood to you) and your protector (bhaya-traata), all these five (panchaitaih) are like your Elders/Ancesrors(pitarahh) and are always to be revered and remembered .
शत्रोरपि गुणा वाच्यां दोषा वाच्या गुरोरपि
सर्वदा सर्वयत्नेन पुत्रे शिष्ये हितं वदेत्
Shatrorapi Guna Vachhyaam Dosha Vachyaam Gurorapi
Sarvada Sarva-yatneana Putrey Shishyey Hitam Vadeat.
i.e. One should appreciate good qualities (guna) of even his enemies and the shortcomings (dosha) of his Teacher. But one should always make all efforts (sarva yatnean) to tell one's Son and students (shishyas) thoughts that are beneficial and of interest (hitam) to them.
कुदेशमासाद्य कुतोर्थ संचयः
कुपुत्रमासाद्य कुतो जलाञ्जलिः
कुगेहिणीं प्राप्य गृहे कुतः सुखं
कुशिष्यमध्यापयतः कुतो यशः
Kudesha Maasadya Kutorth Sanchayahh Kuputra Maasaadya Kuto Jalaanjalihh
Kugeihinim Praapya Grahey Kutahh Sukham Kushishya-madhyaapyatahhKuto Yashahh.
i.e.If one is living in a hostile Country (kudesh) accumulation of wealth (arth sanchaya) is out of question and if he has a prodigal Son he should not expect that he will be honored after death by Shraadha/Tarpan and other associated religious rituals (Jalaanjali)to be performed by his Son in his rememberance. And if he has a rude and quarrelsome Wife (kugeihini) there will be no family accord and if he has a unworthy disciple (kushishya) he should no expect adulation and recognition yash( as a Teacher) through such a disciple.
चलं चित्तं चलं वित्तं चले जीवित योवने
चलाचलमिदं सर्वं कीर्तिर्यस्य स जीवति
Chalam Chhitam Chalam Chhitam Chale Jiwit Yowane
Chalaachal-miam Sarvam Kirtiyasya Sa Jiwati.
i.e. The mind (chhitta) is fickle, wealth,youth and life too are short lived. Every thing in this world comes and fades away (chalaachal) but only name and fame of a person remains even after his death.
यस्मिन रुष्टे भयं नास्ति तुष्टे नैव धनागमः
निग्रहानुग्रहो न स्तः स रुष्टः किं करिष्यति
Yasmin Rushtey Bhayam Naasti Tushtey Naiwa Dhanaagamahh
Nigrahaa-nugraho Na Stahh Sa Rushtahh Kim Karishyati.
i.e. If there is neither any fear from a person on his being angry at you nor any gain from him on his being pleased at you, he neither disobeys(nigraha) nor obliges (anugraha), then what harm such a person can do to you on being angry at you ?
मृगा मृगैः संगमनुब्रजन्ति गावश्च गोभिस्तुरगस्तुरङ्गैः
मूर्खाश्च मूर्खैः सुधियः सुधीभिः समानशीलव्यसनेषु सख्यं
Mriga Mrigaihh Sangama-nubrajanti Ggwashch Gobhis-turangas-turangaihh
Moorkhaasch Moorkhaihh Sudhiyahh Sudhibhihh Samaan-sheela-vyasaneshu=sakhy
i.e. Deers (mriga) roam in the company of deers, cows with other cows, and horses (turang) with other horses. Similarly 'moorkha' (foolish and unlettered persons) remain in the company of moorkhas and 'Sudhiyahh (well educated and honorable persons) always keep the company of 'Sudhiahh", which implies that those who have common nature and attributes(samaan sheela) always have friendship (sakhyam) with each other.
There is also an English proverb depicting similar thoughts i.e. 'Birds of same feather flock together.
जलबिन्दु निपातेन कृमशः पूर्यते घटः
स हेतुः सर्वविद्यानां धर्मस्य च धनस्य च
Jal Bindu Nipaatean Kramashahh Pooryatey Ghatahh
Sa Heatuhh Sarva Vidyaanam Dharmasya Cha Dhanasya Cha
i.e. By receiving the droplets (jal bindu) over a period a pitcher (ghat) gets filled up. Similar is the case and way (hetu) of acquiring all types of knowledge (sarva vidya) , Religion (dharma) and Riches (dhana). [One can not get rich,acquire knowledge and Dharma overnight. These are to be acquired gradually over a period of time.]
प्रभुर्विवेकी धनवाश्च दाता विद्वान् विरागी प्रमदा सुशीला
तुरंगमः शस्त्रनिपात धीरो भूमण्डलस्याssभरणानि पञ्चः
Prabhur-viveki Dhanwanscha Daata Vidwaan Viraagi Pramadaa Sushilaa
Turangamahh Shashtra-nipaat Dheerahh Bhumndalasyaa-bharaani Panchah.
i.e. A Ruler (prabhu) who is just and decisive (viveki), a rich charitable person, a learned Saadhu (viraagi), a modest and beautiful woman (pramada), a horse who is steady even during an attack by weapons (shashtra nipaat dheera,all these five glorify this Earth (Bhumandalsya aabharanani).
लुब्धानां याचक:शत्रुशचोराणा चन्द्रमा रिपुः
जारस्त्रीणां पतिः शत्रुर्मूखाणा बोधको रिपुः
Lubhdhaanaam Yaachakahh shatrushchoraanam chandrama ripuh
Jaara-streenaam Patihh Shatrurmoorkhaanam bodhako ripuh,
i.e. To misers (Lubhdhaaam) a beggar is an enemy, to fools (moorkha) a preacher (bodhak) is an enemy, to adulteress women (jaar stree) their husbands are like their enemy and to thieves a waxing (or full) Moon (during Shukla Paksha) is their enemy.
परोपदेशवेलायां शिष्ठा: सर्वे भवन्ति वै
विस्मरन्तीह शिष्ठत्वम् स्वकार्ये समुपस्थितम
Paropdesh Blaayam Shishthahh Sarve Bhawanti Wai
Vismarantiha Shishthawam Swakaarye Samupoastitey.
i.e. While preaching others (paropdesh) every body behaves as an ideal gentleman (Sishtha), but when their own job (swakaarya) is at hand they forget about the gentlemanly behavior they had earlier preached.
निःसारस्य पदार्थस्य प्रायेणाssडम्बरो महान
न सुवर्णे ध्वनिस्ताद्याद्र्क कांस्ये प्रजायते
Nissarasya Padaarthasya Prayenaadambaro Mahaan
Na Suwarney Dhwanis-taadya-gyaadrik Kaansyey Prajaayate.
i.e. Substances (or even men) with no or less qualities (Nissar padaarth) display more pomp and splendor (aadamber) e.g. Gold does not make any loud sound (on being hit) whereas gun metal (Kaansya -used for making bells) creates loud noise
कलारत्नं गीतं गगंतल रत्नं दिन मणि:
सभारत्नं विद्वान् श्रवण पटुरत्नं हरिकथा
निशारत्नं चन्द्रः श य न तल रत्नं शशिमुखी
महीरत्नं श्रीमान जयति रघुनाथो नृपवरः
Kala Ratnam Geetam Gagantal Ratnam Dinmanihh
Sabhaa Ratnam Vidwaan Shrawanput Ratnam Hari Katha
Nisha Ratnam Chandrahh Shayantal Ratnam Shashimukhi
Mahi ratnam Shreeman Jayati Raghunatho Nripavarahh..
Song/poetry (geet) is like a gem among fine arts (kala), and so is Sun (Dinmani)among the planets in the Universe (gagan tal), a learned person (vidwaan) in an assembly (Sabha). So is the chanting of hymns in praise of God Almighty (Hari Katha) to the ears and a beautiful woman (Shashi Mukhi -face as beautiful as a full Moon) in the Bedroom (shayantal) and Shreeman Lord Ram Chandra (Raghunath) among all the Kings on this Earth.
गुणिनां निर्गुणानां च दृष्यते महादन्तरं
हारं कंठगतः स्त्रीणाम् नूपुराणिच पादयोः
Guninaam Nirgunanaam Cha Dryashyate Mahadanantaram
Harahh Kanthgatahh Streenaam Nupuraanicha Paadyohh.
i.e.Too much difference is visible between virtuous persons (Guni = person having quality of head and heart) and those who are bereft of these qualities (nirguna). For example a Necklace (haar) adorns the neck of a beautiful woman, whereas a Nupur ( a chain like ornaments with trinkets) which is of lesser value ,gets worn on the ankles of the feet.
गुणेषु क्रियतां यत्नः किमाटोपैः प्रयोजनं
विक्रीयन्ते न घंटाभिर्गावः:क्षीर विवर्जिताः
Guneshu Krityataam Yatnahh Kimaatopaih Prayojanam
Vikriyante Na Ghantaabhir-gawahh Kshir Vivarjitahh.
i.e. Good qualities (guneshu) make their own advertisement and there is no need of artificial pomp and splendor . For example a cow adorned with a nice bell hung around it's neck will not get sold if it does not yield milk (is during it's dry period and is not lactating).
शूरश्च कृतविद्दश्च रूपवत्यश्च योषितः
यत्र यत्र गमिष्यन्ति तत्र तत्र कृताssदरा:
Soorashcha Kratavidyashcha Roopwatyashcha Yoshitahh
Yatra Yatra Gamishyanti Tatra Tatra Krataaadarahh.
i.e. Warriors (Soora) , learned persons (Krata-vidyaa) and beautiful (Roopwati) women (Yoshita) are most welcome and honored (krataadara) where ever they go.
परै: प्रोक्ता गुणा यस्य निर्गुणोपि गुणी भवेत्
इन्द्रोऽपि लुघतां याति स्वयम् प्रख्यापितैर्गुणैः
Paraihh Proktaa Gunahh Yasya Nirgunopi Guni Bhaweata
Indropi Laghutaam Yaati Swayam Prakhyaapitair-gunaihh.
i.e. If others tell about the qualities (Guna) of a person, even if he may not possess those qualities, he is considered (and treated) as a 'Guni'. But if even Indra (The leader of all Devtaas) himself tells about his Gunas (Swayam prakhyaapita) he gets belittled (laghutaam yaati) and not considered as a Guni.
Guni = a person possessing qualities of head and heart with many skills
अतिपरिचयादवज्ञा सततगमनादनादरो भवति
मलये भिल्लिपुरन्ध्री चन्दनतरुकाष्टमिन्धनं कुरुते
Ati Parichayaa-davagyaa Satat-gamanaada-naadro Bhawati
Malaye Bhilli-purandhri Chandan-taru-kaashta-mindhanam
i.e. Too much acquaintance (parichaya) broods neglect (awagyaa) and repeated visits to a person (satat gaman) results in disrespect from him. For example a tribal Bheel woman (bhilli-purandhri) living in Malayachal (Malayal Mountains famous for it's forests of Sandle-wood trees) uses sandlewood (chandan taru Kaastha) as firewood for the purpose of cooking.
तक्षकस्य विषं दन्ते मक्षिकायां विषं शिरः
बृश्चिकस्य विषं पुच्छं सर्वांगे दुर्जनों विषम
Takshakasya Visham Dantey Makshikaayaam Visham Shirahh
Vrishchikahacha Visham Pucchham Sarvaange Durjano Visham.
i.e. Poison in a snake (Taksaka = the famous snake in Hindu Mythology) is in it's teeth (danta) and that in a fly (makshika) in it's head. The poison in a scorpion (vrishchik) is in it's tail (puccham), whereas a mean and cruel person's (durjan) entire body is poisonous.( A 'durjan' is harmful to others under any circumstance)
M.C.Joshi
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