क्षीरेणाSSत्मगतोदकाय हि गुणा दत्ताः पुरा तेSSखिलाः
क्षीरे तापमवेक्ष्य तेन पयसा ह्यात्मा कृशानौ हुतः |
गन्तुं पावकमुन्मनस्तदभवद्द्ष्ट्वा तु मित्राSSपदं
युक्तं तेन जलेन शाम्यति सतां मैत्री पुनस्त्वीदृशी ||
- भर्तृहरि (नीति शतक )
भावार्थ - जल में मिलाने से दूध अपने सभी गुणों को जल को दे देता है |
आग में तपाये जाने पर अपने मित्र जल को संकट में देख कर (जल को
वाष्पीकृत होते हुए देख कर ) उसकी रक्षा करने के लिये दूध स्वयं अपनी
आहुति दे कर जल के साथ मिल कर उस आग को बुझा देता है | वास्तव
में सज्जन और महान व्यक्तियों से मित्रता ऐसी ही लाभदायक होती है |
(तुलसीदास जी का कथन है कि - धीरज धर्म मित्र अरु नारी | आपतकाल
परखिये चारी || सच्चा मित्र तो वही है जो आपत्ति के समय स्वयं अपनी
सुरक्षा की चिन्ता न कर मित्र की सहायता करता है | इसी भावना को इस
सुभाषित में दूध और जल के मिश्रण की उपमा के द्वारा व्यक्त किया है |)
Ksheerenaatmagatodakaaya hi gunaa dattaa puraa tekhilaah.
Ksheere taapamavekshya tena payasaa hyaatmaa krushaanou hutah.
Gantum paavakamunmanastadabhavaddrushtvaa tu mitraapadam.
Yuktam tena jalena shyaamyati sataam maitree punastveedrushee.
ksheerenaa + aatma-gata +udakaaya. Ksheerena = by the milk.
Aatmagata = adopted. Udakaaya = of the water. Hi = indeed.
Gunaah = virtues. Dattaa = gave. Puraa = long ago. Te = they.
Akhilaa = all, entire. Taapam = heat. Avekshya = on seeing. or
facing. Tena = therefore, thus. Payasaa = water. Hi + aatmaa.
Aatmaa = himself. Krushaano = the fire,. Hutah = sacrificed.
Gantum = gone. Paavakam +unmanah+ tat +abhava+drushtvaa.
Paavakam = fire. Unmanah = disturbed Abhava = destruction.
Drushtvaa = on seeing. Tu= and. Mitraapadam = calamity faced
by the friend. Yuktam = joined with. Tena = that. Jalena = water.
Shaamyati = extinguishes, discontinues Sataam = noble and virtuous
persons. Maitree = friendship. Punh = again. to = and.
Edrushee = like this.
i.e. On being mixed with water, milk gives all its properties to the
water. On being heated on a fire and seeing its friend water in distress
(being evaporated as steam) the milk also joins the water and by
spilling over the fire soon extinguishes it . The friendship with noble
and virtuous persons is also mutually beneficial like this.
(By using the metaphor of boiling of milk mixed with water, the author
of the Subhashita emphasizes the fact that noble persons always help
their friends in distress even by exposing themselves to risk.)
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