विप्रो वृक्षस्तस्य मूलं च सन्ध्या
वेदः शाखा धर्म कर्माणि पत्रम् |
तस्मात्मूलं यत्नतो रक्षणीयं
छिन्ने मूले नैव शाखा न पत्रम् || - चाणक्य नीति (१०/१३)
भावार्थ - एक वेदों का ज्ञाता और विद्वान ब्राह्मण एक ऐसे वृक्ष के
समान है जिस का मूल (जड) दिन के तीन विभागों प्रातः ,मध्याह्न
और सन्ध्याकाल के समय सन्ध्या (गायत्री मन्त्र का जाप) करना है ,
चारों वेद उसकी शाखायें हैं , तथा वैदिक धर्म के आचार विचार का
पालन करना उसके पत्तों के समान हैं | अतः प्रत्येक ब्राह्मण का यह
कर्तव्य है कि इस सन्ध्या रूपी मूल की यत्नपूर्वक रक्षा करे , क्यों कि
यदि मूल ही नष्ट हो जायेगा तो न तो शाखायें बचेंगी और न पत्ते ही बचेंगे |
(इस सुभाषित द्वारा सनातन धर्म और उसके के नियमों का पालन करने
में ब्राह्मणों के महत्त्व को प्रतिपादित किया गया है | यदि वे अपने कर्तव्य
का पालन नहीं करते हैं तो वेदों और सनातन धर्म के लुप्त होने की आशंका
भी व्यक्त की है | )
Vipro vrukshastasya moolam cha Sandhyaa,
Vedah shaakhaa dharma karmaani patram.
Tasyaanmoolam yatnato rakshneeyam.
Chinne moole naiva shaakhaa na patram.
Vipro = a wise and learned Braahmana. Vrukshah +tasya.
Vrukshah = a tree. Tasya = its. Moolam=the root. Cha =
and. Sandhyaa = the deity presiding over the three divisions
of the day, and religious ritual performed by Brahmanas and
the twice born men at the above three divisions of the day.
Vedah = the fourVedas, the Sacred scriptures of Sanaatana
Dharma. Shaakhaa = branches. Dharma karmaani = various
religious rituals. Patram = leaves. Tasmaat + mooolam
Tasmaat = therefore. Yatnato = with special care and
effort. Rakshaneeyam = to be guarded or protected from.
Chinne = on being cut off. Naiva = hardly, no.
i.e. A wise and learned Braahmana is like a tree and its roots
are performing the ritual of 'Sandhya Vandan" (chanting the
'Gaayatri Mantra' thrice every day in the morning, noon and
evening), the four Vedaas are like the branches of this tree,and
performing various other religious rituals are the foliage of
this tree. Therefore, it is the sacred duty of every Braahmana
to take special care and effort to protect the roots, because if the
root is cut off neither the branches nor the leaves of the tree will
survive.
( In this Subhashita by the use of a simile the author emphasises
the importance of the role played by Brahmans in propagating and
preserving the Sanatan Dharma. If they do not do so there is the
danger of Sanatan Dharma becoming extinct. )
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