To day's Subhashit.

(In continuation of yesterday's Subhashit)

यस्तु विज्ञानवान्भवति युक्तेन मनसा सदा |

तस्येन्द्रियाणि वश्यानि सदश्वा इव सारथेः  ||         - कठोपनिषद 

Yastu vigyaanvaanbhavati yuktena manasaa sadaa.

Tasyendriyaani vashyaani sadashwaa iva saratheh.

Yastu = whosoever.    Vigyaanwaanbhavati = Vigyaanwaan + bhavati.       Bhavati = becomes.,happens.

Vigyaanwaan =  virtuous and learned.     Yukten = associated with.    Manasaa =  in the mind.

Sadaa = always.      Tasyendriyaani =Tasya + indriyaani.     Tasya = his.   Indriyaani= sensory organs.

vashyaani = under full control.      Sadashwa = Sad + ashwea.    Sad = righteous, noble.  

Ashwa = horse.   Iva =  like.     Sarathe =   Charioteer.

i,e,       But whosoever remains virtuous and learned , of firm mind,and his sensory organs are always under his full control, is  just like a charioteer who is able to control his horses and make them obedient to his command..

( As in the three Verses  posted earlier, the body of a person is alluded to a chariot, the intellect of the person is alluded to the charioteer, the sensory organs to the horses attached to the chariot . If a person has full commad over his sensory organs and he is also virtuous and sensible, he will lead his body (chariot) properly  and will not fall prey to vices and sinful living.)

To day's Subhshit.

 ( in continuation of yesterday's Subhashit)

यस्त्वविज्ञानवान्भवत्युक्तेन  मनसा  सदा |
तस्येन्द्रियाण्यवश्यानि दुष्टाश्वा इव सारथे  ||

Yastvavigyaanvaanbhavatyukten manasaa sadaa.
Tasyendriyanyavashyaani drushtaashwaa iva saarathe.

Yastvavigyaanvaanbhavatyukten = Yastu + avigyaanvaan + bhavati + yukten.    Yastu = whosoever. avigyaanvaanvaan =  without scruples and ignorant.     Bhavati = happens to be.  Yukten = associated with..
Manasaa = in the mind.    Sadaa = always.   Tasyendriyaanyasvashyani = Tasya + indriyaani + avashyaani.
Tasya = his       Indriyaani = sensory organs.    Avashyaani = not under control.   Dushtaashwaa  + dushta + + ashwaah.      Dushta = wicked, offensive.     Iva = as , like.     Saarathe = charioteer, coachman.

i.e.      Yet, if  a person ( intellectual faculty of a person is alluded to a charioteer) is ignorant and without any scruples and of uncertain mind,  then his sensory organs (alluded to horses) are not under his control just
like a charioteer unable to control a set of wicked and cunning  horses attached to the Chariot ( alluded to the body of a person).

To day's Subhashit.

(In continuation of yesterday's Subhash

इन्द्रियाणि  हयानाहुर्विषयांस्तेषु   गोचरान्  |

आत्मेन्द्रियमनोयुक्तं भोक्तेत्याहुर्मनीषिण:  ||

Indriyaani hayaanahurvishayaamsteshu gocharaan.

Aatmendriyamanoyuktam bhoktetyaahurmaneeshinah.

Indriyaani = parts of human body, mainly the sensory organs like, eyes, ears, nose, tongue etc.

Hayaanaahurvishayaamsteshu = hayaanaa +hu +vishayaam + teshu.     Hayaanaam = horses.

hu = an exclamatory suffix to a word.     Vishayaam = sensual pleasures.   Teshu = those.

Gocharaan = field of action, path to be traversed.   Aatmendriyamanoyuktam =  Aattma +indriya + mano +

yuktam .     Aatma = one's own body.     Indriya = sensory organs.       Mano = mind.   

Yuktam = comprised of, combined,       Bhoktetyaahurmaneeshinah = Bhoktetya +hu+ maneeshinah.  

Bhoktetya = enjoyer, sufferer.       Maneeshinah = intelligent and wise men,  sages.

i.e.         Wise and intelligent sages have compared the sensory organs of a person with a set of horses deployed to pull a chariot and sensual pleasures as the route on which they will lead the chariot.  The  Aatma (inner- self) comprised  of body, sensory organs and mind of the person concerned is termed as 'Bhoktaa' -enjoyer or sufferer of  such action.

                                                        (......to be continued  )

To day's Subhashit.

     All the wisdom of Hindu Religion is enshrined in Vedas, which is further classified as 'Karmakaand' (rituals), 'Upaasanaa' ( worship) and 'Gyaan' (knowledge).   The aim of Karma and Upaasana is to achieve Gyaan,, which culminates into knowing the 'Brahma' (Supreme God ) and 'Aatman' (one self).
     This wisdom is further explained and elaborated in 9 Upanashidas, Brahma Sootra and Bhagwad Geeta.This Supreme wisdom is called 'Vedaant' and is totally different from the worship of numerous pagan Gods and the rituals associated with such worship and deals with the Eternal Truth common to all other prominent religions of the World.
     Henceforth for some time, I will be posting some selected verses from the Upanishadas, which can also be termed as 'Subhashitas'

आत्मानं रथिनं विद्धि शरीरं रथमेव तु  |
बुद्धिं  तु सारथिं विद्धि मनः प्रग्रहमेव च.

Aatmaanam rathinam viddhi shariram rathmeva tu.
Buddhim to saarathim viddha manah pragrahmeva cha.

Aatmanam =  thy self.     Rathinam = a person riding a chariot.    Viddhi = know.    Shariram = the human body.       Rathmeva = Ratham + iva.     Ratham = a chariot.     Iva = like a      Tu = and.
Buddhi = intellectual faculty, intelligence.     Saarathi = a charioteer, a coachman.     Manh = mind.
Pragragmwva = pragrah +iva.      Pragrah = reins to control a horse.    cha = and.

i.e.    Know  thy self as a person riding a chariot and consider your body as the chariot , your level of intelligence as the charioteer (coachman) and your mind as the reins controlling the horses pulling the chariot.

(A string of similes dependent on each other is called a 'Rupak Alankaar'.   In the next verse, which I will post tomorrow,  the sensory organs have been compared to the set of horses pulling the chariot, along with other similes. The underlying idea is spread over four verses, which are co-related to each other.)

To day's Subhashit.

शीलं शौचं क्षन्तिर्दाक्षिण्यं मधुरता कुले जन्मः  |
न विराजति हि सर्वे वित्त विहीनस्य पुरुषस्य   ||

Sheelam shaucham kshantirdaakshinyam madhurataa kule janmah.
Na viraajati hi sarve vitta viheenasya purushasya.

Sheelam =character, moral conduct.    Shaucham = purity, cleanliness.   Kshanti = forbearance, patience.
Daakshniyam = skill, dexterity.    Madhurataa =  amiability, pleasentness.   Kule = clan, family.
Janmah = birth.     Kule janmah = birth in a noble family.     Na = not.   Viraajati = brightens, adorns.
Hi =surely, because.      Sarve = all these.     Vitta = wealth, money.     Viheena = bereft of, without.
Vitta viheenasya =  a person without any wealth, a poor person.   Purushasya = person's

i.e.     A good moral character, cleanliness, patience, skill, amiable nature, birth in a noble family. all these special attributes in a person are of little significance in a person  if he is not wealthy.

To day's Subhashit.

गगनमिव नष्ट तारं शुष्कं सरः स्मशानमिव रौद्रम्  |
प्रियदर्शनमिव  रूक्षं  भवति  गृहं  धनविहीनस्य       ||

Gaganmiva nashta taarm shushkm sarhh smashaanmiva roudram.
Priyadarshanmiva ruksham bhavati graham dhanviheenasya.

Gaganmiva = Gagan + iva.     Gagan = sky.      Iva = like.        Nashta = lost,died.     Taarm = stars.
Shushkam  = dry.      Sarah = lake.      Smashaanmiva =  like a  cremation ground for dead bodies.
Raudram = inauspicious, fierce.      Priyadarshanmiva =    Priyadarshan+iva.
Priyadarshan = pleasant looking, graceful.     Ruksham = dreary,  harsh.    Bhavati = becomes.
Graham = house .   Dhanaviheenasya = Dhan + viheenasya.     Dhan = money, wealth.
Viheenasya  = a person bereft of .....    Dhanviheenasya = a person without any wealth, a poor person.

i.e.            The house of a poor person, even if it is good looking outwardly, is dreary and harsh like the sky without stars (and moon) or like a dry lake and inauspicious like a cremation ground .     

To day's Subhashit.

नश्यति विपुलमतेरपि बुद्धि पुरुषस्य  मन्दविभवस्य |
घृतलवण तैल तण्डुल  वस्त्रैन्धन  चिन्तया सततम्  ||

Nashyati vipulmatairapi buddhi purushasya mandvibhavasya.
ghrutlavan tail tandul vastraindhan chintayaa satatam.

Nashyati = perishes, loses.       Vipulmatairapi = vipul + matai +api.      Vipul = wide, great.
Mataih = intellect.    Api = even (to express emphasis).     Buddhi = talent,  knowledge.
Purushasya = a persons'    Mandvibhavasya = Mand + vibhavasya.    Mand = low, weak.
Vibhava = riches.      Mandvibhavasya =  a person having weak financial position.
Ghruta = Ghee, butter.     Lavan = salt.    Taila = edible oil.   Tandul =  rice, foodgrains.
Vastraindhan = Vastra + eendhan.     Vastra = clothes.    Eendhan =  fuel (for cooking and heating)
Satatam = continuously.

i.e.        A person with weak financial position, even if he may be a very intelligent and learned person, loses all these faculties of head and heart due to numerous worries in the pursuit of items necessary for subsistence namely ghee,salt, cooking oil,foodgrains. fuel and clothings etc.

(Through this Subhashit the author has outlined the predicaments of learned but poor persons, who,
in their endeavour to provide the basic necessities of life to their family members, find little use of their knowledge and learning and ultimately tend to lose it.)