Today's Subhashita.

धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाणां यस्येकोपि न विद्यते |
अजागलस्तनस्येव तस्य जन्म निरर्थकम् ||

अर्थ -        धर्म,  धन- संपत्ति , काम और मोक्ष,  इन  में से यदि कोई एक भी भावना यदि किसी व्यक्ति में विद्यमान नहीं हो तो उसका इस संसार मे जन्म लेना उसी प्रकार  निरर्थक है जैसे कि एक बकरी के गले में स्तनों के समान लटके हुए अंग होते हैं

Dharmaarthkaammokshaanaam yasyekopi  na vidyate.
Ajaagalastansayeva tasya janma nirarthakam.

Dharmarthkaamamokshaanaam=  Dharma  +Arth + Kaam+Mokshaanaaam.    Dharma = religion.
Artha = material wealth.    Kaam =- , erotic love.    Mookshaa = release from rebirth.(According to Hindu Religion the highest aim of a person in his lifetime is to break the cycle of rebirth by living a pious life in the service of mankind according to the tenets of religion and attain "Moksha")
Yasyekopi= yasya +ek0 +api.     Yasya =  to whom.    Eko = one.   Api = eve.   Na = not.
Vidyate = exists.   Ajaagalastanasyeva = Aja+gala+stanasy=iva.     Aja = a goat.    Gala = neck.   Sthanasya = nipple's Iva = like a.   (i.e. a useless growth resembling a nipple on the neck of goats.   This expression is used to denote a useless object or a person.).    Tasya = his.      Janma =  birth.
Nirarthakam = useless, futile.

i.e.          A person, who does not possess even one quality or feeling among religiosity, wealth, love,and  desire for achieving 'Moksha' (release from rebirth) , his birth in this world is futile like a
useless out-growth resembling a nipple on the neck of a goat.

Today's Subhashita.

दाने  तपसि शौर्ये च यस्य  न  प्रथितं  मनः  |
विद्यायाम्  अर्थलाभे च मातुरुच्चार एव सः ||

अर्थ =     एक ऐसा व्यक्ति जिस का मन दान देने मे, तपस्या (आत्मिक उत्थान तथा सद्विचार), और शौर्य  (निर्बल जनों की रक्षा) में रत नहीं रहता है,  उसके द्वारा अर्जित विभिन्न विद्यायें  तथा धन संपत्ति,सभी
किसी व्यक्ति शरीर से निकालने वाले मल मूत्र के समान समाज के लिये  निष्प्रयोज्य होती हैं |

Daane tapasi shaurym cha yasya na prathitam manhh.
vidyaayaam arthalaabhe cha maturucchaar eva sah ,

Daane = giving away in charity, donation.  Tapasi = religious austerity.  Shaurya = bravery,valour.
Yasya = whose.     Na = not.   Prathitam = engaged in.    Manah =  thoughts, belief, mind
Vidyaam = various disciplines of learning and knowledge.   Artthlaabha = acquisition of wealth.
Cha = and.     Maaturucchaar =  Maatra +ucchaar.    Maatra = merely     Ucchaar =  discharge,
waste matter from the body.   aiva = really.    Sah =  he.

i.e.      A person, who's mind is not engaged in charity,  religious austerity and  is not valorous,
his expertise in various disciplines of learning and the wealth acquired by him,  is of no use to the society and is merely like the discharge of waste matter from one's body.

Today's Subhashita.

रविरपि न दहति तादृग्वादृग्दह्ति  बालुका निकरः  |
अन्यस्याल्लब्धपदो  नीचः प्रायेण  दुःसहो  भवति  ||

अर्थ -    सूर्य की किरणें अपने ताप से उतना  नहीं जलाती  हैं जितना कि उनके द्वारा तप्त हुआ एक बालू का ढेर उस पर चलने वाले के पावों को जलाता है |  सचमुच,  प्रायः किसी अन्य से पद और प्रतिष्ठा पा कर नीच व्यक्ति अपने अधिकार के  दुरुपयोग  और दुर्व्यवहार् के कारण  असहनीय हो जाते हैं |


Ravirapi na dahati taadrugvaadrugdahati baalukaa nikarah.
Anyasyaallabdhapado neechh praayen duhsaho bhavati.

Ravirapi = Ravi + api.     Ravi = the Sun.     Api = even.     Na = not.    Dahati = scorches. burns.
Taadrugvaadrugdahati =  Taadrug + Vaadrug +dahati.      Taadrug = like this.
Vaadrug =   like that of.      Baalukaa = sand.     Nikarah = heap, a cluster.
Anyasyaadllabdhapado = anyasya + allabdha+ pado.      Anyasy = other's    Aalabdha = gained.
Pado = position, status.    Neecha + inferior, mean.    Praayena = generally, mostly.
Duhsaho = intolerable.     Bhavati = becomes.

i.e.   The rays of the Sun do not scorch so much as a heap of sand heated by the Sun's rays scorches and  burns  the the feet  (while walking over it).  Really, the behavior of mean and inferior persons become intolerable on getting some position and status from others.

(By using the simile of sand heated by the Sun's rays, the author of this Subhashita has underlined the truth that if mean and inferior persons are bestowed some status and authority, it is generally misused by them to harm others and at times their behavior becomes intolerable)

|

Today's Subhashita.

सुमुखोSपि  सुवृत्तोपि सन्मार्गो  पतितोSपि  च |
महतां  पादलग्नोपि  व्यथयत्वेव  कण्टकः      ||

अर्थ =     दुष्ट व्यक्ति यद्द्यपि देखने में सुन्दर और गौर वर्ण के हों और सज्जन और महान् व्यक्तियों के संसर्ग में सन्मार्ग पर चलते हुए उनकी चरण  वन्दना भी क्यों न करते हों, अन्ततः अपने स्वभाव के अनुरूप पांव में चुभे कांटे के समान उन्हें कष्ट ही पहुंचाते हैं  |

Sumukhopi suvruttopi sanmarge patitopi cha.
Mahataam paadlagnopi vyathayatveva kantakah.

Sumukhopi = sumukha +api.     Sumukha = good looking, fair faced.     Api = even.
Suvruttopi = suvrutta + api.     Suvrutta = well shaped.     Sanmaargo = right path, well paved road.
Patitopi = patita +api.     Patita = dropped, fallen into.    Cha = also.    Mahataam = virtuous and noble persons.       Paadalagnopi = paadlagna + api.      Paadlagna = lying at the feet of a person.
Vyathyatveva = Vyathayati + iva .     Vyathayati = hurts,     Iva = like .    Kantakah = a thorn.

i.e.       Wicked people may be fair and handsome in their appearance and may be following the right path in the company of noble and righteous persons and may even be bowing at their feet, but ultimately, due to their inherent wicked nature, they hurt the noble persons just like a thorn lying on a well  paved road piercing their feet while walking on the road.

(Through this Subhashita the author warns people not to keep the company of wicked persons, who may outwardly behave nicely, but ultimately cause harm to them.)

Today's Subhashita.

अयः पिण्ड इवोतप्तो खलानां हृदये क्षणात्  |

पतिता  एव  नश्यन्ति  गुणास्तोयकणा इव ||

अर्थ =     दुष्ट व्यक्तियों का हृदय एक लोह पिण्ड की तरह एक क्षण में  ही  गरम हो जाता है (अर्थात उन्हें अति शीघ्र क्रोध आ जाता है), और इसी कारण उनके गुण भी उसी प्रकार नष्ट हो जाते हैं जैसा कि पानी की बूंदें  गरम लोहे पर गिरने से एक क्षण में भाप बन कर नष्ट हो जाती हैं.

Ayah = iron, steel.     Pinda =  a lump.    Ivotapto = iva + tapta.     Iva = like a.

Tapto = very hot, heated.     Khalaanaam = wicked persons.    Hrudaye = heart, mind.

Kshanaat = instantly, imediately      Patitaa =  dropped. fallen .     Aiva = so.

Nashyanti = destroyed, ruined.    Gunaastoyakanaa = Gunaah + toya + kanaa.

Gunaah = virtues.     Toya = water.     Kanaa = drops.    Iva = like.

i.e.          Wicked persons' heart gets heated/agitated instantly (they become angry immediately), just like a lump of iron which gets heated very quickly.  Due to such sudden bouts of anger in the wicked persons, their virtues are also lost, in the same way as the drops of water evaporate immediately after falling over a heated  lump of iron. 

 

Today's Subhashita.

स्थानं प्रधानं न बलं प्रधानं स्थाने स्थितः कापुरुषोSपि शूरः |
जानामि  नागेन्द्र  तव  प्रभावं कण्ठं  बिना गर्जसि शंकरस्य ||

अर्थ -      किसी स्थान विशेष का महत्त्व अधिक होता है न कि बलशाली होना |  सही स्थान पर
(अनुकूल परिस्थिति में ) एक कायर व्यक्ति भी एक बहादुर् व्यक्ति के समान आचारण  करने लगता है |   हे नागेन्द्र !  में जानता हूं  कि इसी कारण भगवान शंकर के कण्ठ में लिपटे होने के प्रभाव से  ही,न कि फुफकारने  के कारण, तुम्हे सम्मान प्राप्त होता है |

Sthaanam pradhaanam na balam pradhaanam sthane sthite kaapurushopi shoorah.
Jaanaami Naagendra  tava  prabhavam  kantham  binaa  garjasi  Shankarasya .

Sthana =  place, location.    Pradhaana = most important,foremost.    Na = not.
Bala = power, strength.   Sthita = standing or being present at a place.   Kaapurushopi =
Kaapurushah +api.     Kaapurushah = a coward person.     Api = even,   Shoorah = a brave person.
Jaanami = I know.    Naagendra =  chief of serpents.    Tava = your.    Prabhaavam = influence.
Kantham  = neck.     Bina = without.     Garjasi = roars, hisses.    Shmkarasya = God Shiva's.
(God Shiva's  neck is adorned by a snake worn like a garland )

i.e.      The advantage of particular place  is more important and not the inherent strength of a person, because at the right place and under favourable circumstances even a coward also acts like a brave and powerful person.  O Serpent Chief !  I know that  you have acquired dignity simply by adorning the neck of Lord Shiva, and not by your fearful hissing sound.

Today's Subhashita.

कुस्थानस्य प्रवेशेन गुणवानपि पीड्यते |
वैश्वानरोSपि लोहस्य कारुकैरभिहन्यते ||

अर्थ =    किसी गलत या निषिद्ध स्थान मे जाने के कारण गुणवान व्यक्तियों को भी कष्ट उठाना पडता है , उसी प्रकार जैसे लोहे को अग्नि के संपर्क मे आने पर लोहार द्वारा उसे हथौडे से पीटा जाता है.

Kusthaanasya =  at a bad place .     Praveshena = by entering.    Gunavaanapi = Gunavaan +api.
Gunavaan = knowledgeable and virtuous persons.   Api = even.    Peedyate = suffer.
Vaishvaanaropi = Vaishvaanara + api.     Vaishvaanara =  fire.      Lohasya = iron's.  
Kaarukairabhihanyate. Kaarukaih + abhihanyate.     Kaaruka = an artisan, a blacksmith.
Abhihanyate =  strikes (with hammer),

i.e.     by going to a bad place , even noble and righteous persons have to suffer indignity, in the same manner as iron  placed in a burning furnace  is  repeatedly hit by a blacksmith with a hammer.  

Today's Subhashita.

पापं कर्तुमृणं कर्तुं मन्यन्ते मानवाः सुखम्  |
परिणामोSतिगहनो  महतामपि नाशकृत   ||

 अर्थ -    कोई  पापकर्म करते समय या ऋण  लेते समय लोग सुख  का अनुभव करते है, परन्तु  इन
का परिणाम  अत्यन्त दुःखद होता है, यहां तक कि सज्जन और महान् व्यक्ति भी ऐसा करने से  विनष्ट  हो  जाते हैं |

Paapam = sins, wrong doings    Kartumrunam = kartum + runam.     Kartum = doing.
Runam = loan, debt.       Manyante = feel, think.    Maanavaah = people.    Sukham = pleased, feel happy.        Parinaamotigahano = Parinaamh  +ati + gahano.      Parinaam = the result.
Ati = very much.      Gahano = distressing,inexplicable.    Mahataamapi = Mahataam + api.
Mahataam = noble and righteous persons.    Api = even.    Naashkruta = Naash + Kruta.
Naash = ruin, perish.   Kruta = done.

i.e.    While doing evil deeds and incurring a debt people feel happy, but the end result is very distressing and inexplicable, and even righteous and noble persons get ruined in doing so.

(Through this Subhashita the author has warned the people against doing evil deeds and incurring  debts. )

Today's Subhashita.

उडुगण परिवारो नायकोSप्योषधीना -
ममृतमयशरीरः  कान्तियुक्तोSपि  चन्द्रः |
भवति विगतरश्मिर्मण्डलं  प्राप्य भानोः
परसदननिविष्ठः को लघुत्वं न याति ||

अर्थ -     आकाश  में नक्षत्रमंडल  का नायक होते हुए भी तथा अपनी  अमृतमय और कान्तियुक्त  रश्मियों से वनस्पतियों को पुष्ट करने मे सक्षम  चन्द्रमा भी कृष्णपक्ष में दिन के समय  सूर्य के प्रभामण्डल मे प्रवेश करने पर अपनी समस्त कान्ति खो देता है |    है ऐसा कोई  जिसे  किसी अन्य के घर मे अनाधिकार प्रवेश करने पर लघुता नहीं झेलनी नहीं पडती  है ?

Udugan parivaaro naayakopyoshadheenaa-
mamrutamayashareerah kaantiyuktopi chandrah.
Bhavati vigatarashmirmandalam praapyamaanoh
Parasadannivishthah ko laghutvam na yaati.

Udugana =  constellation of stars.    Parivaar = family.    Naayakopyoshadheenaam = Nayak + api +aushadheenaam.    Naayak = leader.    Api = even.  Aushadheenaam.= herbs.
Amrutamaya = full of 'Amruta' the  nectar which imparts immortality to its users.
Sharirah = body.    Kantiyuktopi = Kantiyukta + api.    Kantiyukta = bright and beautiful.
Chandrah = the Moon.    Bhavati = becomes.   Vigatarishmirmandalam = Vigat +rashmi mandalam. Vigat = ceased, disappeared.   Rashmimandalam = circular aura of brightness around the Moon.
Praapya = availability, arrival of.    Bhaanoh = the Sun.   Parasadananivishthah = Para +sadan +
nivishthah.    Para = other's    Sadan = house.  Nivishtha = situated.    Ko = who.
Laghutvam = dishonour, disregard, get belittled.    Na = not.     Yaati = gets, becomes.

i.e.    Inspite of being the leader of the constellation of stars in the sky, and having the power of nourishing the vegetation and herbs in this World with its bright rays full of 'Amruta', the divine nectar, the full moon in the Sky loses all its brightness and aura by entering in the domain of the Sun during day time.   Really, who does not get belittled or disgraced by entering into the domain of others (without being invited) ?

(The author has used the simile of the  waning moon present in the sky during daytime, when it loses all its brightness and aura under the light of the Sun.  The same holds true for persons who go to other persons' houses uninvited. It is said that the moon's rays have therapeutic qualities, which are imparted by it to herbs and vegetation on the Earth)

Today's Subhashita.

लोकाः स्त्रीषु रताः स्त्रियश्च चपलाः पुत्राः पितुर्द्वेषिणः |
साधुः  सीदति  दुर्जनः  प्रभवति  प्राप्ते  कलौ  दुर्युगे      ||

अर्थ =     कलियुग के प्रारम्भ होने पर  पुरुष स्त्रियों के प्रति अत्यधिक आसक्त हो जाते हैं और स्त्रियां अत्यन्त चपल प्रकृति की हो जाती हैं,  बेटे अपने पिताओं  से द्वेष् करने लगते हैं, साधु जन अत्यन्त कष्ट  और दुःख पाते हैं और जो दुर्जन हैं वे प्रभावशाली और संपन्न हो जाते हैं | इसी कारण यह् युग एक बुरा युग कहलाता है |



lokaah streeshu rataah striyashch chapalaah putraah piturdveshunih.
Saadhuh seedati durjanah prabhavati praapte kalau duryuge.

Lokaah = people.   Streeshu = women.   Rataah = fond of, obsessed .   Striyashcha = Striyah +cha.
Cha = and.    Chapalaah = ill mannered, of wavering mind.    Putraah = sons.    Piturdveshinah =
Pituh + dweshinah.     Pituh = father.     Dweshinah = inimical, hating.    Saadhu = a saintly person. well mannered person.     Seedati = perishes, faces difficulties.    Durjanah = a villainous person.     Prabhavati = becomes prosperous and powerful.      Praapte = arrival of.
Kalau = Name of an era in Hindu Calendar called "Kaliyuga".  There are four 'Yugas" of varying years as per Hindu Mythology namely, Satya Yuga, Tretaa Yuga, Dvaapar Yugsa and Kaliyuga respectively.  The virtuousity of people living in these eras gradually deminishes, being maximum in Satya Yuga (era of truth i.e.Satya) and minimum in Kaliyuga. This is the reason as to why "Kaliyuga" is termed as a Duryuga i.e. bad Yuga.  Presently Kaliyuga is prevailing and about 5500 years of Kaliyuga have already passed.

i.e.     When 'Kaliyuga' (termed as a bad Yuga) is continuing ,people are too much obsessed of women, women are ill mannered and of wavering mind,  sons are inimical to their fathers, saints and righteous persons suffer and face difficulties, whereas villainous and wicked persons prosper and become very powerful.

(Tulsidas, the saint poet, who wrote the epic "Ramcharit Maanas' has dealt in great details all the shortcomings of Kaliyuga in the seventh chapter of his epic. The degeneration of moral values in Kaliyuga has also been dealt with in great details in Sanskrit Literature, and the above shloka is one of them.)

Today's Subhashita.

सेवेव मानमखिलं ज्योत्स्नेव तमो जरेन लावण्यम्  |
हरिहरकथेन   दुरितं   गुणशतमप्यर्थिता  हरति     ||

अर्थ  -    किसी का सेवक बनने पर सारा मान सम्मान नष्ट हो जाता है,  चन्द्रमा की  ज्योत्स्ना से रात्रि का अन्धकार नष्ट हो जाता है, बृद्धावस्था  रूप और लावण्य का  हरण कर देती है,  भगवान विष्णु और शिव जी की आराधना और नामस्मरण से सभी प्रकार के कष्ट और पाप नष्ट हो जाते हैं, और किसी से याचना करने  पर  याचक के सौ से भी अधिक  गुणों का नाश हो जाता है |


Seveva maanamakhilam jyotsneva tamo jarena laavanyam.
Hariharakathena duritam gunashatamapyarthitaa harati.

Seveva  = sevaa + iva.     Sevaa = service.    iva = indeed.     Maanamakhilam = maanam + akhilam.      Maaham = self-respect, honour.       Akhilam= entire, whole.  Jyotsneva =  by the moon light.     Tamo = darkness.     Jarena =  by old age.     Lavanyam = beauty, grace.   Hariharakathena = Hari +Hara+ kathena.     Hari = Lord Vishnu.    Hara = Lord Shiva.    Kathena = worshiping and    reciting the names.      Duritam = danger, difficulties and sins.      Gunashatamapyarthitaa = Guna +Shatam +api + arthitaa.    Gunam = virtues.    Shatam= One hundred.   Api = even,  also.   Arthitaa = requesting for something.    Harati =destroys, dispels.

i.e.     By being in the service of some body one's entire self-respect is lost, by the moonlight darkness is dispelled, old age destroys beauty and grace,  by worshiping and reciting the names of Lord Vishnu and  Lord Shiva, all difficulties, danger and sins are dispelled, and by begging from others hundreds of virtues are  lost.

Today'sSubhashita.

तावन्मतां  महती यावत्किमपि हि न याच्यते लोकम्  |
बलिमनुयाचनसमये  श्रीपतिरपि   वामनो  जातः       ||

अर्थ -     महान् और यशस्वी व्यक्ति भी तभी तक अपनी महानता को बनाये रखते हैं  जब तक कि वे किसी से याचना नहीं करते हैं | यहां तक कि भग्वान् विष्णु को भी दैत्यों के राजा बलि से याचना करने के लिये एक बौने ब्राह्मण का रूप धारण करना  पडा था |

(पुराणों मे वर्णित राजा  बलि से भग्वान् विष्णु द्वारा तीन पग पृथ्वी की याचना के प्रसंग का उदाहरण दे कर इस  सुभाषित द्वारा इस बात पर बल दिया गया  है कि  किसी प्रकार की भी याचना करने के लिये शक्तिशाली व्यक्तियों को भी झुकना पडता है )

Taavanmahataam mahato yaavatkimapi hi na yaachayate lokam.
Balimanuyaachanasamaye shreepatirapi vaamano jaatah.

Taavanmahataam = Tavat +mahataam.    Taavat = son long.     Mahataam = mighty and creat persons.      Mahatee = greatness.    Yaavatkimapi = Yaavat + kimapi.    Yaavat = until.
Kimapi  na= not at all.    Hi = surely.     Yaachyate = asks, begs.      Lokam = public.
Balimanuyaachansamaye = Bali + anuyaachan +samaye.    Bali =  the powerful king of 'Paataal'- the underworld and king of Demons, as per Hindu Mythology.        Anuyaachan = begging.
Samaye = at the time of .      Shreepatirapi = Shreepati + api.    Shripati - husband of Shri (Goddess Lakshmi) i.e. another name of God Vishnu.     Vamano = a dwarf.    Jaatah =  became.

( As per Hindu Mythology, Bali the King of Demons and ruler of the underworld, became all powerful and conquered the Gods.  So, with a view to winning back their kingdom, they requested the supreme God Vishnu to help them.  Bali was known for his righteousness and charitable nature. So, Vishnu transformed himself into a dwarf brahmin and begged Bali to give him some land of the size of his three footsteps.  Although Bali recognised the real intention and identity of Vishnu, he agreed to do so as he never turned down the beggars who came to him.  Lord Vishnu measured the entire earth, sky and underworld in three steps.  The idea behind this simile is that in order to beg any thing from others even powerful persons have to face ignominy, as Vishnu had to do by approaching Bali as a dwarf.}

i.e.     Great and mighty persons maintain their greatness  until  such time they do not beg from
others.  Even Lord Vishnu had to transform himself into a dwarf while begging from the King Bali.

Today's Subhashita.

काकः आहूयते काकान् याचको न तु याचकान्  |
काकयाचकयोर्मध्ये   वरं  काको  न   याचकः    ||

अर्थ -     किसी भोज्य वस्तु को पा कर  एक कव्वा कांव कांव का शोर मचा कर अन्य कव्वों को भी आमन्त्रित करता है , परन्तु एक भिखारी अन्य भिखारियों  को नहीं बुलाता है  | अतएव कव्वों और भिखारियों में  तुलना करने पर कव्वे ही श्रेष्ठ हैं |
   (क्योंकि उन मे आपस मे सहयोग करने और मिल बांट कर खाने की भावना विद्यमान रहती है )

Kaakh aahooyate kaakaan yaachako na tu yaachakaan.
Kaakayachakayormadhye varam kaako na yaachakah.

Kaakah = a crow.    Aahooyate = invites, calls   kaakaan = crows.    Yaachako = a beggar.
Na = not.    Tu = but.    Yaachakaan =  beggars.      Kaakayaachakayormadhye =  Kaak +yaachakayo +madhye.     Yaachakayo =  beggars.      Madhye = amongst, between.
Varam =better, rather than.

i.e.      On finding some thing worth eating, a crow gives a call to other crows to join him, but a beggar does not do so to other beggars.  So between the crows and beggars, crows are better than beggars in all respects.

(Through this Subhashita the author has eulogised  the virtue of sharing,  among the crows,
which is ironically lacking among human beings, and has termed the crows more virtuous than
the beggars.)  

Today's Subhashita.

अहो प्रकृतिसादृश्यं श्लेष्मणो  दुर्जनस्य च |
मधुरैः  कोपमायाति  कटुकेनैव   शाम्यते   ||

अर्थ =   अहो !  कफ़ और एक दुर्जन व्यक्ति की प्रकृति में कितनी समानता है |  दोनों मधुरता के अधिक कुपित होते हैं और कटुता से शमित होते हैं |

(इस सुभाषित में एक दुष्ट व्यक्ति की तुलना खांसी के दौरान  कंठ में उत्पन्न होने वाले कफ़ से की गयी है|आयुर्वेद में इस का इलाज कषाय द्वारा होता है जो कि अत्यन्त कडुवा होता है | मीठी चीजें खाने से यह  बीमारी और  बढ जाती है |  इसी प्रकार एक दुष्ट व्यक्ति का क्रोध भी मधुर व्यवहार करने से और भी बढ जाता है और जब  उस के साथ वैसा ही कटु व्यवहार किया जाता है तभी वह शान्त होता है | )


Aho =   Oh !      Prakritisdaadryashym = Prakriti + saadrushym.     Prakriti = nature (innate or essential qualities of  persons or  things). Saadrushym = similarity.    Sleshmano =phlegm (viscid substance formed my mucous membrane and ejected by coughing or medication).  
Durjanasya = a wicked  person's.    Cha = and.     Madhuraih =  by sweet things, by courteous behaviour.   Kopamaayaati = Kopam +aayaat.     Kopa = anger. rage.     Aayaati = becomes.     Katukenaiva = by a bitter tasting medicine , by a befitting rude behaviour.   Shaamyate = subdues, renders less intense or controls.

i.e.    Oh !  what a similarity is there between the nature of phlegm and a wicked person.  Both get aggravated/enraged by sweetness and are subdued or controlled by bitterness.

(In this Subhashita the author has used the simile of a throat infection for a wicked person's behaviour. Cough is aggravated by consuming sweet things and the taste of medicines for cough is bitter in Ayurveda (Indian system of Medicine).  Similarly a wicked person becomes more angry if he is treated courteously but is subdued if he is dealt  with by  a befitting rude behaviour.)  

Today's Subhashita.

किं तया क्रियते धेन्वा या न दोग्ध्री न गर्भिणी |
कोSर्थः  पुत्रेण जातेन यो विद्वान्न धार्मिकः  ||

अर्थ =    एक ऐसी गाय किस काम की जो न तो दूध देती है और न गर्भिणी है |और इसी प्रकार एक ऐसा पुत्र  भी किस काम का  जो न तो विद्वान् है  और न धार्मिक है  |

Kim tayaa kriyate dhenvaa yaa na dogdhree na garbhinee.
korthh putrena jaatena yo na vidvaann dhaarmikah.

Kim = what.     Tayaa = by her, with her.   Kriyate = do.      Dhenvaa = a cow.     Yaa =  which is.
Ma = not.       Dogdhree = laactating, yielding milk,      Garbhinee = pregnant.     Korthh = kah +arthh.
kah = what ,    Arthh. = meaning, purpose.     Putrena = of a son.    Jaatena = being born.   Yo = who.
Vidvaanna= vidvaan +na..     Vidvaan = learned.     Dharmikah = religious, righteous, virtuous.

i.e.      Of what use is a cow, which is neither lactating (yielding milk) nor is pregnant, and similarly of what purpose is  a son who is neither learned nor religious and virtuous.

Today's Subhashita.

करोति  यः  परद्रोहं  जनस्यानपराधिनः |
तस्य राज्ञः स्थिरापि श्रीः समूलं नाशमृच्छति ||

अर्थ -     एक राजा (या शासक ) जो अकारण ही परद्रोही होता है वह अपनी प्रजा की दृष्टि मे एक अपराधी के समान होता है ,और ऐसे राजा की  स्थिर कीर्ति और संपत्ति का भी अन्ततः समूल विनाश हो जाता है|

Karoti yah paradroham janasyaanaparaadhinah.
tasya raagyh sthiraapi shreeh samoolam naashamrucchati.

Karoti = does.    Yah = who.     Paradroham = harming others.   Janasyaanaparaadhinah = Hanasyaam +
aparaadhinah.        Janasyaam = people.       Aparaadhinah = offender, guilty, criminal.       Tasya = his.
Raagyh = King.    Sthiraapi = Sthira + api.     sthhira =  stable, steady.     Api = even, too.  Shreeh = wealth, respect .   Samoolam = entirely.    Naashmrucchati = Naasham+  ucchati.      Naash= destruction,extinction.
Ucchati = leaves,deserts.

i.e.          . A King (or a ruler), who, without any valid reasons harms his subjects,  is considered  a guilty by  the people, and  even his stable wealth and respect in the society  is  ultimately  destroyed.

Today's Subhashita.

कः कालः कानि मित्राणि को देशः कौ व्ययागमौ |

कश्चाहं  का च  मे  शक्तिरिति  चिन्त्यं मुहुर्मुहुः ||

अर्थ -  कैसा समय (परिस्थिति) है,  कौन मेरे मित्र हैं, में किस देश में हूं , मेरी आय और तदनुसार व्यय कितना है,  में कौन हूं  और मुझ में कितनी शक्ति है , इन विषयों पर बारम्बार विचार करना करना चाहिये  (और तदनुसार आचरण करना चाहिये )|

Kah =  what.     Kaalah = time, prevailing circumstances.    Kaani = what, who.     Mitraani = friends.

Ko = which, what.      Deshah = country.     Kau = how much.     Vyayaagamau =  vyaya + aagamau.    

Vyaya = expenditure.     aagamau = income.   Kashchaaham = Kah +cha+aham.        Cha = and   

Aham = myself.     Kaa = what.     Me = mine, my.    Shaktiriti =  Shakti +iti.     Shakti = ability, strength.

Iti = this      Chintyam = to think over,   to ponder over.   Muhurmuhuh = again and again.

i,e,       One should always and repeatedly  ponder over as to what are the prevailing circumstances, who are my friends, in which country I am,  what is my income and expenditure, who am I and what is my ability and strength ( before undertaking any task and then take the appropriate action)..

Today's Subhashita.

ऐश्वर्यात्सह् संबन्धं न कुर्याच्च कदाचन |

गते च गौरवं नास्ति आगते च धनक्षयः  ||

अर्थ -     कभी भी अपने से ऐश्वर्यवान और धनी कुल में विवाह संबन्ध नहीं करना चाहिये क्योंकि यदि वहां वर या कन्या विवाही जायेगी तो उसे और उसके परिवार को  आदर और प्रसंशा प्राप्त नहीं होती है  और यदि किसी अपने से अधिक धनवान कुल की कन्या से विवाह सम्बन्ध किया जाय तो उसकी  खर्चीली आदतों के कारण उसे  निभाने मे परिवार की धन हानि हो जाती है |
 |

Aishvaryaasaha sambandham na kuryaacch kadaachana.

gate cha gauravam naasti aagate cha dhanakshyah 

Aishvaryaasah = aishvaryaat +saha.      Aishvarya =   with wealth    Saha = with,   Aishvaryaatsaha = with wealthy persons.      Sambandham =    relationship ( marriage)    .Na = not.    Kuryaaccha = Kuryat +cha.
Kuryaad = do      Cha = and.    kadaachana = never .    Gate = gone (getting married in a rich family)    Gaurava=admiration,dignity.  Naasti = na +asti.    Asti = is.       Aagate = arrived,  came (coming from a rich family )  dhanakshyah = loss of wealth.

i.e.      One should never establish marital relations with a family more rich and prosperous than his family, because if a daughter is given in marriage  or a son is wed in such a family , they and their family will not get any respect and admiration.  On the other hand if a daughter in law is from a very rich family,she will also be a misfit in the family and  may result in loss of wealth of the family due to her lavish lifestyle and spending habits.      

Today's Subhashita.

एकेन शुष्कवृक्षेण दह्यमानेन वह्निना  |

दह्यते  तद्वनं  सर्वं दुष्पुत्रेण कुलं यथा.||

अर्थ =    किसी वन मे एक सूखा वृक्ष भी आग पकड्ने  और फैलने पर संपूर्ण वन को जला कर नष्ट कर देता है, उसी प्रकार जैसे कि एक दुष्ट पुत्र अपने संपूर्ण परिवार और कुल की प्रतिष्ठा को नष्ट कर देता है |

Ekena shshkavrukshena dahyamaanena vahninaa 

dahyate tadvanam sarvam dushputrena kulam yathaa.

Ekena = by only one (in number)    Shushkavrukshena =  Shushka + vrukshena.   Shushka = dried.
Vrukshena = by a tree.    Dahyamaanena = dahyamaana + aina      Dahyamaan = in flames.  aina = this.
Vahninaa = by the fire.     Dahyate = destroyed by fire.     Tadvanam = tad + vanam.    Tad = thus.
Vanam = forest.    Sarvam = entire, all.    Dushputrena = duh: +putrena.    Duh =bad.  Putrena = son .
Dushputrena = by a bad  and  unworthy son.    Kulam = family.     Yatha = for instance,  like.

i.e.       Even if a single dried up tree in a forest catches fire, it destroys the entire forest by the fire spreading out, just like a bad and unworthy son destroys by his actions and behaviour  the credibility and fame of a family to which he belongs.

Today's Subhashita.

पात्रं न तापयति नैव मलं प्रसूते
स्नेहं न संहरति नैव गुणान् क्षिणोति |
द्रव्याSवसानसमये चलतां न धत्ते
सत्पुत्र एव कुलसद्मनि कॊSपि  दीपः ||

(इस सुभाषित में एक सत्पुत्र की तुलना एक दीपक से की गयी है  और उसे "कुलदीपक"  नाम दिया गया है जो अपने   सद्गुणों से अपने कुल को एक दीपक के समान प्रकाशित करता है | परन्तु दीपक मे जो अवगुण हैं वे एक 'कुलदीपक' में नहीं होते हैं, जिनका वर्णन इस सुभाषित  में किया गया है |  पात्र, ताप, मल, स्नेह, गुण, द्रव्य  चलता , इन  सभी शब्दों  के दो  अर्थ हैं , जिनका कौशल पूर्वक उपयोग इस श्लोक में किया गया है |}

अर्थ -     एक सत्पुत्र एक दीपक के समान अपने कुल और निवास को प्रकाशित करता है, परन्तु एक दीपक के समान वह् सुपात्र  व्यक्तियों को तापित नहीं करता है और न किसी प्रकार की गन्दगी करता है , न स्नेह पूर्ण व्यवहार तथा गुणों का परित्याग करता है, न धनसंपत्ति के नष्ट होने पर अपने चित्त को भ्रमित होने देता \|(दीपक के जलने पर दिया गरम हो जाता है और  कालिख छोड्ता है, तेल को चूस  लेता है और तेल के समाप्त होते समय उस की लौ कांपने  लगती  है | )

Paatrm na taapayati naiva malam prasoote.
Snehm na samharati naiva gunaan kshinoti
Druvyaavasaanasamaye chalataam na dhatte.
Satputra eva kulasadmani kopi deepah.

Paatram = pot, an able person  Na = not.    Taapayati= heats up,  causes pain.    Naiva = no.
Mala= dirt, impurity.  Prasoote = produces.     Sneham = oil, love.    Samharati = destroys, takes away. Gunaan= efficiency. a wick.   kshinoti = destroys.    Druvyaavasaanasamaye = druvya + avasaan.+ samaye.  Druvya = property, liquid.     Avasaan = cessation,, ending.     Samaye = at the time of.
Chalataam = flickering motion, shaking   Dhatte = occurs    Satputra = a virtuous son.
Aiva =  =really,already.   Kulasadmani = kula + sadmani..   Kula = family.   Sadmani = house, dwelling.    Kopi = anybody, nobody.  Deepah = a lamp.

(In this Subhashita a virtuous son has been compared to a lamp which brightens a household and has been metaphorically called a "Kuladeepak"  i.e. is a son  who  brings name and fame  to his family just like a lamp brightening a household.  However the drawbacks of the oil lamp,like consuming oil, bringing out lamp soot, etc,are not present in the "Kuladseepak"..i.e  unlike an oil lamp a "Kuladeepak"  does not heats up,  does not produce impurities, does not destroys love  like the oil consumed by the lamp.  The words Paatra. Sneha.
Guna, Druvya, Chalataa , each of them have two meanings, one applicable to the lamp and the other to a virtuous son., which have been very skillfully used to underline the qualities of a virtuous son.)

i..e.    Unlike an oil lamp a "Kuladeepak" does not heat up (cool headed), does not produce any impurities,
does not destroy love and virtue like the oil sucked by the lamp's wick ,and does not  become shaky and frightened  at losing his wealth like the flickering flame when the oil in the lamp is about to cease.  Really, a
virtuous son brings glory and fame to his family and household   like a bright lamp but without the shortcomings of the lamp.

Today's Subhashita.

आशाया कृतदासो यः स दासः  सर्वदेहिनां  |
आशा दासीकृता येन तस्य दासायते जगत् ||

अर्थ -    जिस  व्यक्ति को आशा (बिना प्रयत्न किये ही किसी कार्य के सम्पन्न हो जाने की कामना) ने अपना दास बना लिया है वह सभी अन्य व्यक्तियों का दास हो जाता है | इस के विपरीत जिस व्यक्ति ने 'आशा' को अपनी दासी बना लिया है वह् सारे जगत्  को अपना दास बनाने मे सक्षम हो जाता है |

(इस सुभाषित के माध्यम  से व्यक्तियों को कर्तव्यनिष्ठ होने की प्रेरणा दी गयी है | जो व्यक्ति बिना पुरुषार्थ
किये ही कार्य संपन्न होने की आशा में रहते हैं उन्हें अन्य व्यक्तियों की दासता करनी  पडती है )

Aashaayaa krutadaaso yah sa daasah sarvadehinaam.
Aashaa daaseekruto yena tasya daasaayate jagat.

Aashaayaa = hope, expectation.    Krutadasso = Kruta +bdaaso.    Kruta = made.     Daaso = a slave.
yah = whosoever.     Sa = he      Dassh = a slave   Sarvadehinaam=  all living beings,   Daasee = a female slave. ('Aasha' is termed as a woman and hence of  feminine gender)   Yean = whosoever.      Tasya = his.    Taasayate = makes a slave.   Jagat = mankind,
world.

i.e.      whosoever is a captive slave of  'Aashaa"  (hope or expectation from others without any effort), he becomes a slave of all human beings. On the other hand a person who has enslaved  the 'Aaasha' , is able to enslave  all  the mankind .

(Through this Subhashita the author has condemned the tendency among people to hope that they will get whatever they want  without doing any thing and not get enslaved by this desire , whereas those persons have been able to overcome this weakness and are enterprising are always successful)

Today's Subhashita.

आपदि मित्र परीक्षा शूर परीक्षा रणाङ्गणे भवति |
विनये वंशपरीक्षा स्त्रियः परीक्षा तु निर्धने पुंसि   ||

अर्थ -   एक मित्र की असली परीक्षा किसी प्रकार की  आपदा उपस्थित होने पर होती  है और एक शूर वीर की  परीक्षा युद्धभूमि मे होती है |  िकिसी व्यक्ति की कुलीनता की परीक्षा उसकी विनयशॆलता से होती है और स्त्रियों के व्यवहार की असली परीक्षा उनके पतियों के निर्धन हो  जाने की स्थिति मे होती है|

Aapadi mitra pareekshaa shoor pareekshaa ranaangane bhavati.
Vinaye vanshpareekshaa striyah pareekshaa to nirdhane punsi.

Aapadaa = calamity, misfortune.     Mitra = friend.      Pareekshaa = test, examination.  
Shoor = a brave person, a warrior.      Ranaangane = battle field.      Vinaye = humility, modesty.
Vanshpareekshaa = test of a family's aristocracy.      Striyah = women.     Tu = and , but.
Nirdhane =  poor, without any money.    Punsi = persons.

i.e.      The real test of friendship of a friend is at the time of facing a calamity or a misfortune, ans so also of a warrior in a battle field.   The aristocracy of a person is tested by his humility and modesty,  and the test of women folk when their husbands become poor.

Today's Subhashita.

आपदर्थे    धनं   रक्षेद्वारन्रक्षेद्धनैरपि |
आत्मानं सततं रक्षेद्वारैरपि धनैरपि ||

अर्थ -    एक  बुद्धिमान् व्यक्ति को अचानक  उपस्थित होने वाली  आपदाओं से सुरक्षा हेतु धन संपत्ति बचा कर रख्रनी चाहिये तथा अपने घर के द्वार की रक्षा का भी प्रबन्ध करना चाहिये |  परन्तु  अपनी स्वयं की सुरक्षा  सदैव धन संपत्ति और भवन की सुरक्षा से भी अधिक करनी चाहिये |

Aapadarthe dhanam rakshedvaaranraksheddhanairapi.
Aatmaanam satatam rakshedvaarairapi dhanairapi.

Aapadarthe  = aapat + arthe.      Aapat = misfortune, calamity.    Arthe = for the sake of.  
Dhanam = wealth, money.   Rakshedvaaranrakshedddhanairapi = rakshed +dvaarm +rakshed +dhanaih +api.     Rakshed =  save, protect.    Dvaaram = door., entrance of a house.    Dhanaih = wealth.
Api = even, too.       Aatmaanam =  one's own self.        Satatam =  continuously.
Rakshedvaarairapi = rakshed +dvaareh + api.     Dhanairapi = dhanaih+api.

i.e.      A  wise person should save money as a protection against some misfortune or a contingency and also ensure proper protection of the entrance of his house.  However, he should ensure continuous protection to himself even more than his house and  his wealth.

Today's Subhashita.

आचारः परमो धर्मो नृणां श्रेयस्करो महान् |
इहलोके  परा  कीर्तिः परत्र  परमं  सुखं      ||

अर्थ =    समाज में मान्य और प्रचलित नियमों  का पालन करना सभी मनुष्यों का परम कर्तव्या है क्यों कि  यह उनके लिये परम श्रेयस्कर है |  इन का पालन करने से इस संसार में उनको महान यश प्राप्त होता  है और भविष्य में भी (शायद अगले जन्मों  में भी ?) परम सुख प्राप्त होता है |

Aacharah paramo dharmo nrunaam shreyaskaro mahaan'
ihaloke paraa kirtih paratra paramm sukham.

Aachaarah = established rules of conduct in the social life    .    Paramo = primary, foremost.
Dharma = duty, religion.     Nrunaam = persons      Shreyaskaro =conducive to prosperity and happiness.
Mahaan + great. very.      Ehaloke = in this World.     Paraa = excellent.         Keerti = fame, glory.
Paratra = elsewhere, in future .      Paramm = highest, absolute.     Sukham = happiness, bliss.

i.e.       Following the established rules of conduct  is the primary and foremost religious duty of  all persons in the social life, as it is very conducive to prosperity and happiness.   By following them it gives excellent fame and glory to them  and in future also (may be in their next birth) they may also get absolute bliss.

Today's Subhashita.

अहो  धनमदान्धस्तु  पश्यनापि  न पश्यति |
यदि पश्यत्यात्महिते स  पश्यति न संशयः ||

अर्थ -      अहो ! अपनी धन संपत्ति के नशे मे गर्वित व्यक्ति समाज की समस्याओं की एक अन्धे के समान देख  कर भी अनदेखी करता है,  परन्तु यदि कोई परिस्थिति उस के स्वयं के हित की होती है तो इस में कोई संशय नाही कि वह् उसे अवश्य देखता है  और तदुनासार ही  आचारण करता  है |

Aho dhanamadaandhastu pashyanaapi na pashyati.
Yadi pashyatyaatmahite sa pashyati na samshayah.

Aho = Oh !  .Dhanamadaandhastu = dhana/+ mada +andhastu/     Dhasn = wealth, money.    Mada = pride, intoxication.     Andhastu= andhah + tu.    Andhah = a blind person.   Tu =  and , but.    Pashyanaapi = pashyan +api.      Pashyan = seeing.     Api = even.    Na = not.    Pashyati = sees.      Yadi = if.
Pashyatyaatmahite = Pashyati +aatmahite.   Aatmahite = oner's own interest or profit.    Sa = he.
Na = no.    Samshayah = doubt.

i.e.    Oh !  a person who is  very proud of his wealth is always oblivious of the problems of others in the society, and even if  faced with such problems , he  behaves like a blind person as if he has  not seen them. But on the other hand if the happenings are of his own interest and beneficial to him, there is no doubt that he will  definitely see them and act accordingly.

(This subhashita underlines the mentality of persons who get rich quickly and  has been given them the title of 'a person blinded and intoxicated by his wealth' -(Dhanamadaandh), who is oblivious like a blind and drunken person about the miseries all around him in the society and does not contribute for its welfare.)

Today's Subhashita.

अहिंसा  सत्यवचनं  सर्वभूतानुकम्पनं  |
शमो दानं यथाशक्ति गार्हस्थ्यो धर्म उत्तमः  ||

अर्थ -     अहिंसा,  सत्यवादिता, प्राणिमात्र के प्रति दया और सद्भावना , मानसिक शान्ति, तथा  यथाशक्ति दान देना ,  इन  सभी व वृत्तियों का अनुपालन करना सुखमय गृहस्थ जीवन के लिये परम् कर्तव्य  (धर्म) है  |

Ahimsaa satyavachanam sarvabhootaanukampanam,
shamo daanam yathaashakti gaarhstho dhrma uttamh.

Ahimsaa = non-violence, harmlessness.    Satyavachanam = speaking the truth..
Sarvabhootaanukampanam = Sarvabhoota +anukampanam.     Sarvabhoota= all living beings.
Anukampanam = sympathy.      Shama = peace of mind       Daanam = donation, charity.
Yathaashakti = to the utmost of one's power.    Garhasthya = domestic affair, family life.
Dharma = duty, religion.     Uttama = best.

i.e.       Non-violence, speaking the truth,  sympathy to all living beings, peace of mind, and  giving donations to the utmost of one's capacity,  all these virtues are the best duties for a successful and peaceful family life.