Today's Subhashita.

अपक्वे तु घटे नीरे चालन्यां सूक्ष्म पिष्टकं  |
स्त्रीणां च हृदयं वार्ता न तिष्ठति कदापि हि ||

अर्थ -        एक  कच्चे  घडे में  पानी,  एक चलनी मे बारीक आटा ,  स्त्रियों के हृदय में कोई  समाचार (गपशप) ,  कभी भी  ठहर नहीं सकते हैं  |

(घडा कच्चा होने से सारा जल उस से रिस जायेगा या घडा फूट जायेगा | चलनी के सूक्ष्म छिद्रों से सारा बारीक आटा नीचे गिर जाता है , और स्त्रियों की प्रवृत्ति होती है कि कोई सुनी बात गुप्त नहीं रख पाती हैं |)

Apakve to ghate neere chaalanyaam shookshma pishtakam.
Streenaam cha Hrudayam vaartaaa na tishthati kadaapi hi.

Apakvae = raw, not seasoned by firing in case of pottery.    Tu = but,     Ghate = an earthen
pitcher for storing water.     Neere = water.     Chaalanyaam = a sieve (a vessel or a contraption
containing in its bottom a wire mesh or small holes for separating liquid or fine grains from coarse solids.    Sookshma - fine.     Pishtakam = flour.     Streenaam = womens'    Cha = and.
Hrudayam = heart.    Vaartaa = news.   Na = not.   Tishthati = remains.intact   Kadaapi = ever.
Hi = surely.

i.e.      Water contained in a raw earthen pitcher which is not seasoned by firing it,   flour (or any other item having fine grains) kept in a sieve,  and any news (or gossip) in the hearts   of women folk, all these can surely not remain intact.

( water in a raw earthen pitcher will either leak or the pitcher will break,  fine grains can not remain in a sieve and will fall down, and women folk has the tendency of passing on the news or gossip to others rather than keeping it to themselves.) 

Today's Subhashita.

अन्वर्थवेदी  शूरश्च  क्षमावान्न  च  कर्कशः |
कल्याणमेधास्तेजस्वी स  भद्रः परिकीर्तिते ||

अर्थ -     जो व्यक्ति बुद्धिमान्, शूर (बहादुर), क्षमावान् ,सहृदय (कर्कश  नहीं ), जनकल्याण की भावना से युक्त तथा तेजस्वी होता है उसे ही  समाज में भद्र पुरुष कहा जाता है |

Anvarthavedi soorashcha kshamaavaanna cha karkashah.
Kalyaanamedhaastejasvee sa bhadrah parikeertite.

Anvarthavedi =  intelligent person        Shoorashcha = shoorah + cha .     Shoorah =  brave.
Cha = and.         Kshamaavaanna = Kshamaavaan +na.     Kshamaavaan = forgiving in nature.
Na = not.      Karkashah = rude..     Kalyaanamedhaastejasvee = Kalyaanmedhah +tejasvee.
Kalytaanameddhaa = benevolent nature, noble.    Tejasvee = pleasing personality    Sa = he.  
Bhadrah = gracious, prosperous. Parikeertite = proclaimed,  called.

i.e.       A person,who is intelligent, brave, of forgiving nature, kind, noble (not rude ) and with a pleasing personality, is proclaimed as a true gracious gentleman in the society.

Today's Subhashita.

अन्नदानात्परं  दानं  न भूतो न भविष्यति |
अन्नेन धार्यते सर्वं  जगदेतच्चराचरं         ||

अर्थ -     अन्न का दान करना सर्वोत्तम दान है | ऐसा दान न पहले कभी था और न भविष्य मे इस से बढ कर  कोई  और दान होगा क्योंकि इस दान से सम्पूर्ण  विश्व में समस्त   चर और अचर सृष्टि का पालन  होता है |

Annadaanaatparam daanam na bhooto na bhavishyati.
Annena dhaaryate sarvam jagadetaccharam.

Annadaanaatparam = Anna+daanaat +param.     Anna = food.     Daanaat = by giving away as
charity.    Param = highest.     Na  = not.      Bhooto = happened in the past.    Bhavvishyati = will happen in future.      Annena = by the food.      Dhaaryate = sustained, holds.     Sarvam = entire.
Jagadetaccharacharam = Jagat +etat+ characharam.    Jagat = World.     Etat = this.
Charaacharam = movable and immovable

i.e.        Giving food to the needy is best form of charity.  Neither there was a  better charity than this in the past  and  nor will there be in future, because food sustains all living beings, both movable and immovable,  in this entire World. 

Today's Subhashita.

अन्धो  हि  राजा भवति  यस्तु शास्त्रविवर्जितः |
अन्धः पश्यति  चारेण शास्त्रहीनो न पश्यति    ||

अर्थ -       एक राजा को (वर्तमान संदर्भ में एक शासक ) यदि  शास्त्रों  का ज्ञान न हो तो वह्
               निश्चय ही एक अन्धे व्यक्ति  के समान है | अंधा व्यक्ति  तो फिर भी अपने हाथों के
               स्पर्श द्वारा अनुमान  लगा कर अपनी  दृष्टिहीनता की कमी पूरी कर लेता है , परन्तु
               जो  व्यक्ति शास्त्रहीन (अनपढ) हो तो वह् आंखों के होते हुए भी एक अंधे  के समान है |

(इस सुभाषित द्वारा प्रक्रारान्त से एक राजा या शासक के  विद्वान् और शास्त्रज्ञ होने की आवश्यकता को प्रतिपादित किया गया है |  शासन करने के लिये विद्वत्ता तथा शास्त्रों का समुचित ज्ञान न होने से राजा सही निर्णय नहीं ले सकता है और ऐसे शासक की  तुलना एक साधारण अन्धे से भी बुरे व्यक्ति से की गयी है |)

Andho hi Raajaa bhavati yastu shaastravivarjitah.
Andhh pashyati chaarena shaastraheeno na pashyati

Andho = blind.     Hi = surely, because.     Raajaa = king, a ruler.     Bhavati = becomes.
Yastu = who is.    Shastra = scriptures, treatises of various disciplines of learning,.  
 Vivarjitah = deprived of ,          Andhah = a blind person.        Pashyati = sees.
Chharena = by touching.    Heeno =  wanting, deficient in     Shaastraheeno = a person who  does not have the knowledge of Shaastras i.e. an illiterate person.    Na = not.

i.e.       A king (or a Ruler in the present times) is like a blind person if  he is not well versed in
various scriptures and disciplines of learning.   A blind person can at least compensate the loss
of his eyesight through touching various objects by his hand, but an illiterate person is  like a blind
person in spite of having normal eye sight.

( Through this subhashita the author has highlighted the need of a ruler being well versed in
Scriptures and knowledgeable, because without it he can not take correct  decisions and his position is worse than an ordinary blind person.)

Today's Subhashita.

अन्धा विद्वज्जनैर्हीना मूका कविभिरुज्झिता |
बधिरा गायनैर्हीना  सभा भवति  भूभृतां            ||

अर्थ -        यदि किसी राजा (या शासक) का  दरबार  विद्वान्  व्यक्तियों, कवियों तथा  गायकों से रहित
हो तो वह् अन्धों , गूंगों , और बहरों  की सभा के समान हो जाता है |

(किसी भी सभा का स्तर उसमें उपस्थित व्यक्तियों के बौद्धिक  और सामाजिक स्तर पर निर्भर करता है |
अतः यदि सभा मे विभिन्न विषयों के विद्वान् , कुशल कवि और गायक,कलाकार  आदि न हों तो उसका
स्तर अत्यन्त निम्न हो जाता है जिसे इस सुभाषित में अतिशयोक्ति अलङ्कार का उपयोग कर अन्धों  बहरों
और गूंगों की सभा कहा गया है )

Andhaa vidvajjanairheenaa  mookaa kavibhirujjhitaa.
Badhiraa gaayanairheenaa sabhaa bhavati  bhoobhrutaaam.

Andhaa = blind. daarkness     Vidvajjanairheenaa = Vidvajjanaih +heena.   Vidvajjanah = scholars, learned persons    Heenaa = without.    Mookaa = dumb.    Kavibhirujjhitaa = Kavibhih +Ujjhitaa       Kavibhih  = poets.     Ujjhitaa = abandonedfree from.       Badhiraa =  deaf.        Gaayanairheenaa = Gaayanaih + heenaa.       Gaayanaih =  singers.        ,Sabhaa = an assembly, court of a king.     Bhavati = becomes.   Bhoobhrutaam =   Kings.

i.e.      If  a king's court (or an Assembly in present times) is without scholars, poets, singers and
other imminent persons, then it becomes like an assembly of blind, dumb and deaf persons.

( The status of any assembly of persons depends on the intellectual level of its participants.  If among the participants there are  no learned persons in various disciplines, poets and singers etc. then the level of interaction of such an assembly is very poor.  This fact has been highlighted in this Subhashita by using a hyperbole, branding  it as an assembly of blind, dumb and deaf persons.)

Today's Subhashita.

अन्त्यज्योSपि नरःपूज्यो यस्यास्ति विपुलं धनं  |
अपि ब्रह्मकुले  जातो  निर्धनः  परिभूयते            ||

अर्थ -     यदि कोई  व्यक्ति बहुत अधिक धनवान हो तो वह समाज में पूजनीय हो जाता है चाहे वह किसी नीची जाति का हो |  इसके विपरीत यदि किसी विद्वान् ब्राह्मण कुल में जन्मा व्यक्ति निर्धन हो तो वह्  तिरस्कृत और अपमानित ही  होता है |

( यह सुभाषित 'धनिधनयोर्निन्दा' शीर्षक के अन्तर्गत संकलित है | एक सुभाषित में तो यहां तक कहा गया है कि 'यस्यास्ति वित्तं स नरः कुलीनः स पण्डितः स श्रुतिमान् गुणज्ञः'  इस की सत्यता हम आजकल सर्वत्र देखते हैं |  अब वही  व्यक्ति 'कुलीन', पण्डित, शास्त्रज्ञ और गुणवान  है जो धनवान है |)

 Antyajyop narah poojyo yasyaasti vipulam dhanam'
Api Brahmmakule jaato nirdhanah  pribhooyate.

Antyajopi =  antyajyo + api.     Antyajya = a person of a lower caste or tribe.   Api = even.
Narah = a person.    Poojyo = venerated, worshiped.     Yasyaasti =  who has.   Vipulam = ample.
Dhanam = wealth.   Braahmakule = in the family of a learned Brahmin.     Jaato = born in.
Nirdhanah = a poor person.     Paribhooyate = despised, disgraced. .

i.e.       If a person is very rich he is venerated and respected in the society even if he belongs to
a lowly caste or tribe, whereas a poor person born in a learned Brahmin's family is despised and disgraced.

(This Subhashita has been classified under the caption 'Reproch of rich persons and wealth', dealing with the negative effects of wealth among people and the society at large, and should be viewed accordingly. Many Subhashits on this theme have been posted by me in the past.)

.  

Today's Subhashita

सर्वाः संपत्तयस्तस्य संतुष्टं यस्य मानसम्  |
उपानद्गूढपादस्य   ननु  चर्माSSवृतेव   भूः ||

अर्थ-      जिस व्यक्ति का मन सदैव संतुष्ट रहता है उसकी स्थिति हर प्रकार की संपत्तियों से सम्पन्न व्यक्ति  के समान होती है | जिस व्यक्ति के पांवों मे जूता हो क्या अपने पांवों की रक्षा के लिये उसे सारी पृथ्वी को चमडे से मढाने की आवश्यकता होगी ?

(इस सुभाषित द्वारा संतोष की महिमा का बखान एक सुन्दर उपमा के द्वारा किया गया है.|  मनुष्य की इच्छायें  और अपेक्षायें अनन्त हैं और उन सब् का पूरा होना असंभव होता है |  अपने पांवों की सुरक्षा के लिये  सारी पृथ्वी को चमडे  से मढाने से तो अच्छा जूता पहनना ही  श्रेयस्कर है , अर्थात अपनी आवश्यक्ताओं को सीमित कर संतोष करना चाहिये | )

Sarvaah sampattayastasya santushtm yasya maanasam.
Upaanadgoodhapadasya nanu charmaavruteva bhooh.

Sarvaah = every.    Sampattayastasya = sampattayah +tasya.
Sampattayah = wealth, properties.   Tasya = his.   Santuhtam = contented.
Yasya = whose.     Maanasam = mind.    Upaanadgoodhapaadasya = upaant +
goodha +paadasya.     Upaanat = shoe.    Goodha = concealed, covered.
Padsyas = of the feet.    Nanu  = nodoubt, indeed, never,   Charmaavruteva =
charma+aavruta +iva.    Charma = leather.    Avruta = covered.    Iva = like.
Bhooh = the earth.

i.e.       If a person always feels contented by what he has got then he is like a person having all
types of wealth.  Can a person who has shoes on his feet would instead like the entire Earth to be covered with leather  just to protect his feet ?

(This Subhashita has eulogised the virtue of contentment through a simile of  wearing  shoes rather than covering the earth with leather.  One who controls his desires and is content with his lot is a real wealthy person.)

Today's Subhashita.

आरोग्यं  विद्वता सज्जनमैत्री महाकुले जन्म  |
स्वाSSधीनता च पुंसां महदैश्वर्यं बिनाSप्यर्थम् ||

अर्थ -     यदि कोई व्यक्ति निरोग हो, विद्वान् हो, सज्जन व्यक्तियों से उसकी मित्रता हो, किसी महान् कुल
मे उसका जन्म हो तथा आत्मनिर्भर हो तो वह् बिना धनवान हुए ही महान् ऐश्वर्यवान होता है |

Aarogyam vidvatta ajjanamaitree mahaakule janma .
Svaadheenataa cha punsaam mahadaishvaryam binaapyartham.

Aarogyam = free from diseases.    Vidvatta =  scholarship.   Sajjanamaitree = friendship with noble persons.    Mahaakule =  an illustrious family.    Janma = birth.    Svaadhenataa = sva + adhnataa.
Sva = one's own.    Adhinataa = dependence.    Cha = and.    Punaam =persons.   Mahadaishvarya=
mahat +aishvarya.     Mahat = great.     Aishvarya = prosperity, supremacy.   Binaapyartham =
bina + api+artham.      Bina = without.    Api- even.    Artham = wealth.

i.e.      If a person is having good health, is learned, has noble friends, is born in an illustrious family, and is self dependent, then he is prosperous without being wealthy.

Today's Subhashita.

द्रव्यज्वरातुराणां तु  शान्तये नौषधादयपि  |
नहि  वृष्टिशतेनापि  पाषाणादङ्कुरोदयः   ||

अर्थ -      जिन व्यक्तियों को धन कमाने का बुखार चढा होता है वह औषधियों के सेवन से उसी प्रकार  दूर नहीं हो सकता है जैसे एक पत्थर के ऊपर यदि एक सौ बार भी वृष्टि हो जाय तो उस पर  कोई  पौधा अङ्कुरित् नहीं हो सकता है |

(इस सुभाषित में अत्यधिक धन कमाने की लिप्सा की तुलना एक ज्वर से की गयी है जो साधारण औषधियों के सेवन से दूर नहीं हो सकता है | )

Druvyajvaraturaanaam tu shaantaye naushadhaadyapi.
Nahi vrushtishatenaapi  paashaanaadankurodayah.

Druvyajvaraturaanaam = druvya + jvara + aaturaanaam.    Druvya = money, wealth.
Jvara = fever.   Aaturaanaam = suffering from.   Tu = but, and.   Shaantaye = pacified.
Naushadhaadyapi = na + aushaadhaat +api.    Na = not.    Aushadhaat = by a medicine.
Api = even.    Nahi = by no means.   Vrushtishatenaapi = vrushti +shatena +api.
Vrushti = rain.   Shaten = by hundred times.    Paashaanaadanjurodayah = paashaanaat +
ankur + udayah.    Paashanaat = on a stone.   Ankura = sprout.   Udayah = come up, rise.

i.e.        Persons suffering  from the fever of acquiring more and more wealth can not be cured
of this fever by the use of medicines, in the same manner as rain falling over a slab of stone even one hundred times can not result in sprouting of a plant over it.

( The lust for acquiring more and more wealth is highlighted in this Subhashita by the use of the simile of a fever which does not respond to medicines .)

Today's Subhashita

धिगधिग्धनं महानर्थनिधानं मोहसाधनम्  |
स्त्रीसूनाद्यूतमद्यानां हेतुस्थानं यतः कले ||

अर्थ -    धिक्कार है इस धन को जो इस संसार मे होने सारे महान् अनर्थों का कारण है और लोगों में मतिभ्रम और मोह उत्पन्न करता है | कलियुग में विशेष रूप से से जुआ और मद्यपान की प्रवृत्ति इसी धन के कारण   होने से स्त्री वर्ग को मृत्युतुल्य कष्ट देने वाला है |

( इस सुभाषित द्वारा धन के दुरुपयोग से होने वालॆ बुराइयों जैसे  जुआ और मद्यपान की प्रवृत्ति को विशेष रूप से इङ्गित  किया गया है जिनके कारण सबसे अधिक दुष्प्रभाव स्त्री वर्ग को ही भुगतना पडता है )

Dhigdhigdhanam maahaanarthanidhaanam mohasaadhanam.
Streesoonaadyootamadyaanaam Hetusthaanam yatah kale.

Dhigdhigdhanam  = dhik +dhik+ dhanam.    Dhik = shame upon.   Dhanam =wealth
Mahaanarthanidhanam = maha + anartha+ nidhaanam.    Maha = great, abundant.
Anarth = disaster, any bad occurance.  nidhanam = root cause  Moha = delusion, infatuation.   Saadhanam =instrument.  Streesoonaadyootamadyaanaam = stree+soonaa+dyoota+madyaanaam.   Stree = women.   Soonaa =life threatening dsnger.    Dyoota = gambling.    Madyaanaam = various liquors.   Hetu = cause, reason.   Sthaanam = place.     Yatah = because.    Kale = Kaliyuga.

(According to Hindu Mythology the time period in years is divided into four Yugas namely Satya, Treta,Dvaapar and Kaliyuga.  The righteousness and religiosity is the maximum in Satyayuga and goes on diminishing progressively and is the lowest in Kaliyuga, which is presently in force and
5115 years of Kaliyuga have gone 426885 years are still there to come.)

i.e.      Shame upon this wealth, which is the root cause of all disasters in this World and creates delusion and infatuation among people. In Kaliyuga gambling and consumption of liquor and other intoxicants by the misuse of wealth is very rampant  and is very harmful and life threatening to womenfolk in particular.

Today's Subhashita.

अनुभवत ददत वित्तं मान्यान्मानयत  सज्जनानान्भजत |

अतिपरुषपवनविलुलितदीपशिखा चञ्चला लक्ष्मी:            ||

अर्थ =     अपनी धन संपत्ति को समाज के माननीय व्यक्तियों के  सम्मान करने ,सज्जनों की सेवा और आदर करने तथा दान करने के सुख का अनुभव करो, क्योंकि संपत्ति  तेज हवा के झोंकों से कांपती हुई एक दीपक की लौ     के समान चञ्चला (अस्थिर ) है | 

 (पुराणों में  धन संपत्ति की अधिष्ठात्री देवी महालक्ष्मी को इसी कारण 'चञ्चला' भी कहा जाता है कि

वह किसी भी वक्ति पर स्थायी रूप से कृपा नहीं करती है |) 

Anubhavat dadat vittam maanyaanmaanayata sajjnaanaanbhajat,

Ati-parusha- pavana-vilupta-deepshikhaa chanchalaa Lakshmi.

Anubhavat  = experience, feel.    Dadat = give.     Vittam = wealth, money.

Maanyaan = honourable persons.     Maanayat = respect them, honour them.

Sajjanaanaam = noble persons.      Bhajat = worship or respect.    .Ati =very.

Parusha = harsh, unkind.    Pavana = wind.    Vilulita = flickering, agitated.

Deepshikhaa = the flame of a lamp.  Chanchala = fickle minded.

Lakshmi  = wealth,  name of the Goddess of wealth/\

i.e.     One should utilize his wealth for honoring and serving the respectable and noble   

persons of the society and experience the pleasure of donating his wealth for charitable purposes because wealth is fickle and impermanent just like the flickering  flame of a lamp against
a  harsh blowing wind.

( In Indian mythology, Lakshmi -the Goddess of Wealth, is considered as 'chanchalaa'  i.e fickle minded, as she does not favour a person permanently)

Today's Subhashita.

आपद्गतं हसति किं द्रविणान्धमूढ
लक्ष्मी स्थिरा न  भवतीति किमत्र चित्रं |
एतान्प्रपश्यति घटाञ्जलयन्त्र चक्रे
रिक्ता भवन्ति भरिता भरिवाश्च रिक्ताः  ||

अर्थ -         ओ धन संपत्ति जमा करने के पीछे अन्धे हुए मूर्ख !  आपदा (मुसीबत) आने पर भी क्यों हंसता है ? क्या तुझे इस बात पर आश्चर्य नहीं होता है कि धन संपत्ति कभी स्थायी नहीं होती है ?   एक रहट के पहिये पर लगे हुए घडों  को देख कि किस प्रकार खाली हुए घडे भर जाते हैं और भरे हुए घडे खाली हो जाते हैं | (उसी प्रकार धन संपत्ति भी  आती और जाती रहती है )

(इस सुभाषित में एक रहट (खेतों में सिंचाई करने का एक यन्त्र जिसमें एक बडे चक्र पर घडे लगे हुए होते हैं और उस के द्वारा नदी या  कुवों  से जल खींचा जाता है ) की उपमा द्वारा धन संपत्ति के आने और नष्ट हो जाने की परिस्थिति को व्यक्त किया गया है | रहट में जिन घडों से पानी ऊपर आता है वे ऊपर आ कर खाली हो जाते हैं और नीचे जा कर पुनः भर जाते हैं  और यह  चक्र चलता ही रहता है | इसी प्रकार धन  की भी गति होती है | धन की अधिष्ठात्री देवी महालक्ष्मी को इसी लिये चञ्चला कहा जाता है )

Aapadgatam hasati kim dravinandhamoodha, .
Lakshmi sthira na bhavateeti kimatra chitram.
etaanprapashyati ghataanjalayantra chakre.
Riktaa bhavani bharita bharivaashcha riktaah.

Aapadgatam = fallen into misfortune,     Hasati = laughs, redicules.    Kim = why.
Dravinaandramoodha = dravin +andha + moodha.     Dravinaa =  wealth, money.
Andha = blind.    Moodha = a stupid or ignorant person.     Lakshmi = wealth, name of goddess
of wealth.     Sthiraa = stable, faithful.    Na = not.      Bhavateeti = bhavati +iti.
Bhavati = happen/      Iti = in this way./    Kimatra = kim + atra/     Atra = here.    Chitram = surprise.
Eraanprapashyati = etaan + prapashyati.    Etaan = these.  Prapashyati = observe , look at.
Ghataanjalayantra =  a water wheel used to lift water from a river or well.    Chakre = wheel.
Riktaa = empty.    Bhavanti = become.    Bharitaa = filled up.   Bharivaah = filled up.

i.e.    O stupid and ignorant person blindly pursuing acquisition of wealth, why are you laughing at the misfortune that has befallen on you ?  Are you not surprised by knowing that wealth is never stable with a person ?  Look at the water wheel and see how the empty pitchers attached to it  are filled with water and again become empty as the wheel rotates.(alluded to acquisition of wealth and its loss).

(In this Subhashita by the use of a simile of a Water wheel used for lifting water from a river or a well, the author has highlighted the fact that wealth is never stable with a person and sooner or later
he loses it like the pitchers attached to the water wheel, which when full of water  become empty and the empty pitchers get filled by rotation.  In Indian mythology, Lakshmi the goddess of wealth, is considered for this very reason fickle minded, as she never favours a person permanently.)

Today's Subhashita.

दैववशादुत्पन्ने सति विभवे यस्य नाSस्ति भोगेच्छा  |
नच  परलोकसमीहा  स  भवति  धनपालको  मूर्खः     ||

अर्थ -     ईश्वर की कृपा से यदि कोई व्यक्ति धन संपत्ति अर्जित कर लेता है परन्तु उस में उस संपत्ति को भोगने की इच्छा का अभाव है और न अपने  परलोक सुधारने  (मृत्यु के बाद अगले जन्म को सुधारने के लिये दान आदि करना  ) की ही  इच्छा हो, तो ऐसा व्यक्ति मूर्ख  है और मात्र उस संपत्ति के पहरेदार के समान है |

Daivavashaadutpanee sati vibhave yasya naasti bhogecchaa.
Nacha paralokasameehaa sa bhavati  dhanapaalako  moorkhh.

Daivavashadutpanne = daiva+ vasshat+utpanne.    Daiva = God, fate.   Vashaat = by command of.
Utpanne = born, becomes     Sati = acquisition.    Vibhave = weaalth, property.     Yasya = whose.
Naasti = non existent.     Bhogecchaa = desire for conspicuous consumption and worldly pleasures.
Nacha = na + cha.     Na = not.    cha = and.      Paraloksameehaa = paraloka+ samehaa.
Paraloka = afterlife       Sameehaa = longing for.      Sa = he.     Bhavati = becomes.   Dhanapaalako=
a guard of  a treasure.      Moorkhah = a stupid person.

i.e.     If by the God's grace a person acquires wealth, but desire to use the wealth for conspicuous consumption and other worldly pleasures is non existent in him, and he also does not have any longing for a better afterlife, then such a person is a fool  and just like a guard of a treasure.

(According to Hindu Religion there are only three ends of wealth i.e. conspicuous consumption, using it for charitable purposes, and destruction  Distributing wealth for charitable purposes is supposed to earn 'Punya' to the donor, which, puts him in a comfortable position in his next birth cycle, which is termed as 'Paraloka sameeha'.)

Today's Subhashita.

न सा विद्या न तच्छीलं न तद्दानं न सा कला |
अर्थर्थिभिर्न  तच्छौर्यं  धनिनां यन्न कीर्त्यते  ||

अर्थ -      न विद्वानों की विद्या, न उनका शील, न उनकी  दानशीलता, न कला और न धनवान होने के इच्छुक व्यक्तियों का शौर्य (परिश्रम)  सफल  होता  है जब  तक कि ये  सभी  व्यक्ति धनवान व्यक्तियों की चापलूसी और प्रसंशा नहीं करते हैं |

Na saa vidyaa na taccheelam na taddanam  na saa kalaa.
Arthaarthibhirna tacchauryam dhaninaam yanna keertyate.

Na = not.   Saa =  that.    Vidyaa = learning, knowledge.   Taccheetam = tet +sheelam.   Kala= art.
Tat = that .   Sheelam = character, morality.    Taddanam = tat + daanam .  Daanam = donation.
Arthaarthibhirna = arthaarthibhih + na.    Arthaarthibhih = persons desirous to acquire wealth.
Taccchauryam = tat + shauryam.    Shauryam = bravery, valour.   Dhaninaam = wealthy persons.
Yanna = yat +na.     Yat = make efforts.   Keertyate = praise, glorify.

i.e.      The knowledge, character, charitable and artistic nature of a learned person, and the strenuous efforts put in by an entrepreneur trying to become rich, is of no use until these persons praise and flatter the already wealthy persons.

Today's Subhashita.

हेतुप्रमाणयुक्तं  वाक्यं  न  श्रूयते  दरिद्रस्य |
अप्यतिपरुशमसत्यं पूज्यं वाक्यं समृद्धस्य ||
 
अर्थ -     एक दरिद्र व्यक्ति द्वारा कही हुई  तर्क और प्रमाण युक्त बात को भी लोग नहीं सुनते हैं | लेकिन
एक समृद्ध (धनवान्) व्यक्ति द्वारा कही हुई अत्यन्त कटु और असत्य बात को लोग आदरपूर्वक सुनते  हैं |

Hetupramaanayuktam vaakyam  na shrooyate daridrasya.
Apyatiparushmasatyam poojyam vaakyam samruddhasya.

Hetu = purpose, reason.    Pramaana = proof.     Yuktam = with.    Vaakyam =  saying,statement.
Na = not.    Shrooyate =  is heard.     Daridrasya = a poor person's.  Apyatiparushamasatyam = api +
atri + parusham + asatyam.     Api = even.    Ati = very, too much.    Parusham = harsh, unkind.
Asatyam = fase, untrue.   Poojyam = venerable.    Samruddhasya = a wealthy person's.

i.e.    People do not heed the statement of a poor person even if it is backed by a valid reason and
proof.  However, if a wealthy person says something very harsh and totally false, the same is lapped
up by the people.

Today's Subhashita.

न  विद्यया नैव कुलेन गौरवं
जनानुरागो धनिकेषु सर्वदा  |
कपालिना मौलिधृताSपि जान्हवी
प्रयाति रत्नाSSकरमेव सत्वरम्  ||

अर्थ -     समाज में लोग विद्वान और महान् कुल में जन्मे गौरवशाली व्यक्तियों  के प्रति उतना अनुराग
और सम्मान नहीं प्रदर्शित करते हैं जितना कि  एक धनवान व्यक्ति के प्रति  करते है |  देखो तो ,भगवान्
शिव ने स्वर्ग से आयी जान्हवी (गङ्गा नदी ) को सम्मान दे कर अपने सिर पर धारण किया परन्तु वह तुरन्त महासागर से मिलने के लिये प्रस्थान कर गयी.|

(इस सुभाषित में गङ्गावतरण के प्रसंग की उपमा के कुशल और हास्यमय उपयोग के  द्वारा इस तथ्य को प्रतिपादित किया है  के जन सामान्य विद्वान ,और  कुलशील वाले व्यक्ति को उतना महत्व नहीं देते हैं जितना एक धनवान व्यक्ति को, चाहे वह  विद्वान्  न हो और अच्छे कुल में भी उत्पन्न न हुआ हो | )

Na vidyayaa naiva kulena gauravam;
Janaanuraagob dhanikeshu sarvadaa.
Kapaalinaa maulidhrutaapi jaanhavi
Prayaati ratnaakarameva satvaram.

Na = not.    Vidyayaa = by being a learned person.    Naiva = not even.   Kulena = the dynasty's
Gauravam = pride and respectability.   Janaanuraaga = jana + anuraag.     Jana = people,
Anuraag = affection, loyalty..     Dhanikeshu = rich persons    Sarvadaa = always.
Kapaalinaa = Lord Shiva ( who holds a human skull (kapaal) in his hand..   Maulidhrutaapi =
Mauli + dhruta + api .    Mauli = head.    Dhruta = held.    Api = even.   Prayaati =  proceeds,goes
Ratnaakar = the Ocean .  Eva = already.    Satvaram = hastily. immediately..

i.e.       People do not show such loyalty and affection towards learned and great persons of noble lineage as they always show towards rich persons. Oh ! even the sacred river Ganges, whom Lord
Shiva  even  held on his forehead, immediately and hastily proceeded to meet the Ocean.

(In this Subhashita the author has skillfully and jokingly used a simile based on the legend of
'Gangaavatarana' i.e. how the sacred river Ganges was brought from Heaven to the Earth by the
king Bhagirath for the salvation of his ancestors. Pleased by the prayer of Bhagirath God Shiva agreed to allow the river to land on his forehead and thereafter proceed towards the Ocean, on whose banks the ancestors of Bhagirath were lying as ash.  God Shiva is well known for his simple lifestyle and erudition unlike other Gods with lavish lifestyle.  The Ocean is the repository of various precious things and has been alluded to a rich person.)

Today's Subhashita.

बधिरयति  कर्णाविवरं  वाचं  मूकयति नयनमन्धयति  |
विकृतयति  गात्रयष्टि  संपद्रोगोSयमद्भुतो  राजन्     ||

अर्थ -    हे  राजन्  !  अत्यधिक संपत्ति जमा करने का रोग भी कितना अद्भुत है |  इस से ग्रसित व्यक्ति  के कान  बहरे हो जाते हैं , बोलने की क्षमता समाप्त हो जाती है , आंखें अन्धी हो जाती है और शरीर भी विकृत हो जाता है |

 (इस सुभाषित में अतिशयोक्ति अलंकार  के उपयोग  द्वारा यह  प्रतिपादित किया गया है कि  धनलोभी व्यक्ति  की सुनने, बोलने और देखने की क्षमता तथा स्वास्थ्य  उसकी इस प्रवृत्ति के कारण प्रभावित  हो
जाते  हैं और वह सही निर्णय नहीं ले सकता है |)


Badhirati karnavivaram vaacha mookayati nayanamandhayati.
Vikrutayati gatruyashti sampadrogoyamadbhuto Raajan.

Badhirayati = becomes deaf.   Karnavivaram = auditory passage of ears.    Vaacham = speech.
Mookayati = become dumb.   Nayanamandhayati = nayanam + andhayati.    Nayanam = eyes.
Andhayati =  make blind.    Vikrutayati = disfigured.    Gaatruyashti = beautiful shape of the body.
Sampadrogoyamadbhuto = sampat+ rogo +ayam +adbhuto.     Sampat = wealth.   Rogo = disease.
ayam = this.    Adbhuto =surprising, extraordinary..

i.e.     O king !  How extraordinary is the obsession to acquire more and more wealth in some persons is like a disease.  Persons afflicted with this obsession become deaf, dumb , blind and even their body also gets deformed.

( Through the use of a hyperbole the author of this Subhashita  has emphasised the fact that due to the obsession of acquiring more and more wealth in some persons, the faculties of hearing,speaking and seeing as also their personality is affected and they are not able to take correct decisions.)

Today's post.

पतन्ति खड्गधारास्तु विशन्ति मकरालयम् |
किं न कुर्वन्ति सुभगे कष्टमर्थाSर्थितो  जनाः ||

अर्थ -       हे सुभगे !  धन प्राप्ति के इच्छुक व्यक्ति क्या क्या कष्ट उठाने के लिये तत्पर नहीं रहते हैं ?
इस हेतु वे तलवार की धार के आगे गिरने के लिये या समुद्र में कूदने  में भी संकोच नहीं करते  हैं  (अर्थात अपने जीवन को भी दांव पर लगा देते हैं )|

Patanti khadgadhaaraastu vishanti makaraalayam.
Kim na kurvanti subhage kashtamarthaarthito janaah.

Patanti = exposing one's  self before ..    Khadgadhaaraastu = the blade of a sword.
Vishanti =enter into.    Makaraalayam = sea, ocean.    Kim = what.     Na = not.
Kurvanti = do.      Subhage = addressing a beautiful and fortunate woman.
Kashtamarthaarthito = kashtam +artha + arthito.     Kashtam = difficulties, trouble.
Artha = wealth, money.    Arthito = desiring.     Janaah = persons.

i.e.      O beautiful and fortunate lady !  what not  can persons very keen to acquire wealth do for that purpose ?  They do not hesitate even to expose themselves before the blade of a sword or enter into the Ocean,

( The Subhashita emphasizes the fact that persons who are very keen to acquire wealth can go to any extent to achieve their objective and even do not hesitate to risk their life. )

Today's Subhashita.

प्रायेण धनिनामेव धनलोभो निरन्तरम्  |
पश्यकोटिद्वयोपेतं लक्षाय प्रणतं धनुः ||

अर्थ -   प्रायः धनवान्  व्यक्तियों में ही निरन्तर  और भी अधिक  धनी होने का लोभ होता है |     देखो तो  !
जिस धनी व्यक्ति के पास ईश्वर की  कृपा से  दो करोड रुपये  होते हैं वह्  मात्र एक  लाख रुपयों को प्राप्त करने
के लिये  इस प्रकार झुक जाता है जैसे एक धनुष (बाण को लक्ष्य तक पहुंचाने के लिये) झुकता है |

(इस सुभाषित का तात्पर्य यह्  है कि लोभ वश एक  धनी व्यक्ति एक मामूली सी  रकम को प्राप्त करने के लिये निम्नतम स्तर तक भी गिर सकता है जैसे कि लक्ष्य प्राप्ति के लिये एक धनुष को झुकना होता है )

Praayena dhaninaameva dhanalobho niraantaram.
Pashyakotidvayopetam lakshyaa pranatam dhanuh.

Praayena = generally.     Dhaninaameva  = dhaninaam +aiva.        Dhaninaam = rich persons.
Aiva = already.   Dhanalobho = desire for more wealth.     Nirantaram = perpetual, continuous.
Pashyakotidvyopetam = Pashy + koti+dvya+upetam.   Pashya = look.       Koti = 10 million or 1,00,00,000 in numbers     Dvyo = two.    Upetam = endowed with.     Lakshaaya = 1,00,000 in
numbers.   Pranatam = bends forward.   Dhanuh = a bow.

i.e.     Generally rich persons are always beset with greed to acquire more and more wealth.
Oh !  see  how a person who is endowed with wealth worth Rupees Two crores (20 Millions)
stoops down like a bow just to acquire a small sum of Rupees on lakh (100 thousand).

( The idea behind this subhashita is that greed  compels  an already very rich person to stoop too low to acquire even small amount of wealth, This fact has been highlighted by the use of a simile of a bow and arrow for hitting a target.)

Today's Subhashita.

आसीत्पूर्वं विमलजलधौ मण्डनं भूपतीनां
नारीणां च प्रबलमुकुटे  काञ्चनेन प्रसङ्गात्  |
तन्त्रीबद्धः कथमिहमहोत्काचखण्डेन सार्धं
भिल्लीकण्ठे मरकतमणे कामवस्थां गतोSसि ||

अर्थ  -   पहले वह्र अगाध  और विमल समुद्र  के अन्दर था  और फिर उसने राजाओं  को सुशोभित  किया और उसके बाद स्वर्ण के साथ मिल कर सुन्दर नारियों के मुकुटों की शोभा बढाई | अहो ! एक सुन्दर मकरत मणि
की आज कैसी बुरी स्थिति हो गयी है कि उसे अनेक  कांच के टुकडों  के साथ एक तागे में पिरो कर एक भीलनी ने अपने  गले में  धारण किया है |

Aaseetpoorvam vimalajaladhau mandanam bhoopateenaam.
Naareenaam cha prabalamukute kaanchanena prasangaat
Tantreebaddhah kathamihamahotkaachakhandena saardham;
Bhilleekanthe marakatmane kaamavasthaam gatosi.

Aaseeta = It was.   Poorvam = earlier.   Vimal = prestine.   Jaladhau = the Ocean.
Mandanam = decoration.    Bhoopateenaam = kings.    Naareenaam =  women.
Cha  = and.       Prabala = dominating, beautiful.   Mukate = crown, tiara.
Praasangaat = in  association with.   Tantreebaddhah =  attached with a string.
Kaachakhanden = pieces of ordinary glass (glass beads).  Saardham = together with.
Bhillee = a tribal woman.    Kanthe = in the neck.   Marakat Mane = an emerald gem.
Aamavasthaam = Kaam + avasthaam.   Kaaam =what.   Avasthaam = condition,
situation.     Gatosi =  has gone.

i.e.     Earlier it was inside the deep ocean and afterwards was a decoration for the Kings.  later on in association with gold it adorned the tiaras of beautiful women.  An now in what a bad state the precious emerald gem has gone that it is now attached to a string along with pieces of ordinary glass
as a garland worn in the neck by a tribal woman..

Today's /subhashita.cchu

नक्रः स्वस्थानमासाद्य गजेन्द्रमपि कर्षति  |
स एव प्रच्युतः स्थानाच्छुनSपि  परिभूयते  ||

अर्थ -     एक मगर अपने  निवास स्थान   (गहरे  जलाशय या नदी ) में  रहने की स्थिति में एक शक्तिशाली हाथी को भी जल में घसीट  कर उसको अपने वश मे कर लेता है |  परन्तु यदि  वह् अपने  स्वाभाविक परिवेश (गहरे जल ) में नहीं होता है तो एक साधारण कुत्ता भी उस पर हावी हो कर उस पर विजय प्राप्त कर लेता है |

(  'सुभाषित रत्नाकर ' पुस्तक जिस से यह श्लोक लिया गया है , उसमें 'शुन' का तात्पर्य एक टिप्पणी द्वारा
'मशक ' अर्थात मच्छर  दिया है |  परन्तु 'अमरकोश' में 'शुन' का अर्थ कुत्ता ही  दिया गया है | हिन्दी भाषा में एक कहावत है कि - अपने घर में एक कुत्ता भी शेर हो जाता है,जिसका भी इसी सुभाषित के समान तात्पर्य है )

Nakrah svasthaanamaasaadya gajendramapi karshati.
Sa eva prachyutah sthaanaacchunapi paribhooyate.

Nakra =  crocodile.   Svasthaan = one's own place or domain.     aasaadya = reaching
Gajendra = leader of a herd of elephants.   Api = even.    Karshati = overpowers, drags away.
Sa = he.    Eva = already.  Prachyutah = deprived of, fallen from.    Sthaanaacchunapi= sthaanaat + shuna+api.      Sthaanaat = place,   Shuna =dog.    Paribhooyate = conquers, becomes superior.

i.e.       When a crocodile is in its own domain ( a deep lake or a river) he can drag away and overpower even a powerful elephant.  But when it is not in such surroundings (deep water) then
even an ordinary dog* is able to conquer it.

( In the book 'Subhashita Ratnakar' from which the above Subhashita has been taken, through a footnote the author has indicated that 'shun'  means 'mashak' i.e. a mosquito. But in 'Amarkosh',
- a Dictionary of Sanskrit words, the meaning of 'Shun' has been given as a dog.)

Today's Subhashita.

अन्तो नास्ति पिपासायाः संतोषः परमं  सुखं |
तस्मात्संतोषमेवेह  धनं  पश्यन्ति  पण्डिताः ||

अर्थ -    मानव मन में तृष्णा (और अधिक चाहने की और कभी संतुष्ट न होने की प्रवृत्ति) का  कोई अन्त  ही नहीं है | अतः जो  कुछ उपलब्ध हो  उस पर संतोष करना ही परम सुख की स्थिति  है |  इसी कारण विद्वान् व्यक्ति इस संसार में संतोष को ही असली धन के रूप में देखते हैं |

Anto naasti pipaasaayaah santoshah paramam sukham.
Tasmaatsantoshameveha dhanam pashyanti panditaah.

Anto = end.   Naasti = is not.   Pipaasaayaah = thirst, excessive craving for any thing culminating
into  greed.      Santoshah = satisfaction.     Paramam = absolute, greatest.    Sukham = pleasure.
happiness.    Tasmaatsantoshameveha=  tasmaat + santosham +eva+iha.    Tasmat = therefore.
iva = indeed.   Iha = in this world.  Dhanam = wealth.    Pashyanti = see.  Panditaah = learned men

i.e.     There is no end to the craving for acquiring  more and more worldly things (alluded to thirst).
So, being satisfied with one's lot is the situation of ultimate bliss.   Therefore, learned persons perceive the attitude of being satisfied with whatever one has, as the real wealth.

Today's Subhashita.

अनुबन्धानवेक्षेत  सानुबन्धेषु  कर्मसु |
संप्रधार्य च कुर्वीत न वेगेन समाचरेत् ||

अर्थ -    अपने माता पिता और गुरुजनों से इष्ट  (वांछित वस्तु या ज्ञान  आदि ) की प्राप्ति विचार पूर्वक ,    ध्यानपूर्वक और सतत रूप से प्राप्त करनी  चाहिये और इस कार्य को  वेग (जल्दी ) से  नहीं \करना चाहिये  |

Anubandhaanaveksheta anubandheshu karmasu.
Sampradhaarya cha kurveeta na vegena samaacharet.

Anubandhaanaveksheta = anubndha + anavekshet.      Anubandha = to acquire  from one's elders or preceptor the desired knowledge or skill.    Aveksheta = with attention       Saanubandheshu = uninterrupted, continuous.    Karmasu = actions, activities.     Sampradhaarya = after proper deliberation.    Cha = and.     Kurvweeta = perform, do.   Na = not.   Vegena = speedily, hastily.
Samaacharet = do.

i.e.        One should acquire the desired objects, knowledge etc. from his parents and preceptors continuously with  proper deliberation and ,attention and without any haste.

Today's Subhashita.

अनुचितकर्मारम्भः स्वजनविरोधो बलीयसां स्पर्धा  |
प्रमदाजनविश्वासो  मृत्योर्द्वाराणि  चत्वारि           ||

अर्थ =    कोई अनुचित कार्य प्रारम्भ करना, अपने स्वजनों से विरोध , शक्तिशाली व्यक्तियों से प्रतिस्पर्धा
करना तथा व्यभिचारिणी स्त्री के ऊपर विश्वास करना, ये चारो परिस्थितियां मृत्यु की ओर् ले जाने  वाले
दरवाजे को  खोलने के समान हैं (अर्थात ये कार्य करने वाले मनुष्य का  नाश होना अवश्यम्भावी  है ) |
 
Anuchitakarmaara mbhah svajanvirodho baleeyasaam spardhaa.
Pramadaajanavishvaaso  Mrutyordvaaraani  chatvaari,

Anuchitakarmaarambhah = anuchita + karma+aarambhah.    Anuchita = improper, forbidden..
Karma = work,activity.    Aarambhah =  beginning.    Svajana = one's own people.    Virodho = opposition.   Baleeyasaam = mighty people.   Spardhaa = competition, rivalry.    Pramadajana=
a young and wanton woman.  .Vishvaaso = reliance, confidence.     Mrutyordvaaraani = mrutyoh +dvaaraani.    Mrutyoh =  death.   Dvaaraani = doors.    Chatvaari = these four.

i.e.    Beginning a forbidden or improper activity, opposing one's own people, having rivalry with
mighty and powerful people, and relying on a wanton woman,  all these activities are like opening the doors leading to sure death.

Today's Subhashita.

अनुकूला विमलाङ्गी कुलजां कुशलं सुशीलसंपन्ना  |
पञ्चलकारां  भार्यां  पुरुष  पुण्योदयाल्लभते         ||

अर्थ -    अनुकूल (मित्रवत् सद्व्यवहार् करने वाली ),सुन्दर देहयष्टि संपन्न, प्रतिष्ठित कुल में उत्पन्न हुई,
कार्य कुशल तथा सुशील , इन पांच गुणों से संपन्न  पत्नी किसी व्यक्ति को उसके द्वारा अर्जित पुण्यों  के उदय होने के फलस्वरूप ही प्राप्त होती है |   

Anukoolaa vimalaangi kulajaam kushalaam sushilasampanna .
Panchalakaaraam bhaaryaam purusha punyodayaallabhate.

Anukoolaa = favourable, friendly.    Vimalaangi = beautiful  body.    Kulajaam = born in a noble family.   Kushalm = competent.     Susheela = good natured. .    Sampanna = endowed with.
Pancha= five.   Lakaaraa = letters sounding 'la' .    Bhaaryaam = lawful wife.   Purusha = a person.
Punyodayaallabhate = punyodayat +labahte.   Punyodayaat = fruition of .good fortune for observing religious austerity called 'Punya' .       Labhate = gets, is bestowed with.

i.e.      A person gets a wife  endowed with these  five virtues, namely friendly behaviour, having a beautiful body, born in a noble family, competent and  good natured, only on fruition of his 'Punya'  (good fortune for observing religious austerity in his previous birth or in this lifetime).

Today's Subhashita.

अनुकूलकलत्रो यस्तस्य स्वर्ग इहैव हि |
प्रतिकूल कलत्रस्य नरको नात्र संशयः  ||

अर्थ -     जिस व्यक्ति की पत्नी उसके अनुकूल होती है उस के लिये वास्तव में स्वर्ग के समान सुख यहीं
पृथ्वी  पर ही उपलब्ध  हो जाता है |  परन्तु यदि वह् उसके प्रतिकूल होती है तो इस में कोई संशय नहीं है
कि उसका  जीवन नारकीय  (दुःखमय ) हो जाता है |

Anukoola kalatro yastaya svarg ihaiva hi.
Pratikool kalatrasya narako naatra samshayah.

Anukool - favourable, friendly.     Kalatro = wife.    Yastasta = yah +tasya.       Yah = whosoever.
Tasya = his.     Svarga =the heaven.   Ihaiva = iha +aiva.     Iha = here.    Aiva =  really/   Hi = surely
Pratikool =.  against.      Narako = the hell.   Naatra = na +atra.     Na = not.  Atra = here.
Sanshayah = doubt.

i.e.     If the wife of a person is favorable and friendly towards him, he gets all the comforts as if he is living in Heaven. However, if she is hostile and against him, then there is no doubt that he will feel as if he is living in the Hell.

Today's Subhashita.

अनित्यानि शरीराणि विभवो नैव शाश्वतः |
नित्यं सन्निहितो मृत्युः कर्तव्यो धर्मसंग्रहः ||

अर्थ -     मनुष्य का  शरीर नश्वर  हैं और धन वैभव भी शाश्वत नहीं होता है | मृत्यु सदैव  हमारे साथ  रहती है (कभी भी हो सकती है) | अतएव हमारा यह् कर्तव्य है कि  धर्म द्वारा प्रतिपादित  सिद्धान्तों  का पालन कर  पुण्य प्राप्त करें |

(धर्माचरण से 'पुण्य' की प्राप्ति के विषय मे कृपया दिनांक 3 दिसम्बर्  2014 का सुभाषित देखें )

Anityaani shareeraani vibhavo naiva shaashvatah.
Nityam sannihito mrityuh kartavyo dharmasangrahh.

Anityaani = not everlasting,temporary.    Shareeraani = bodies of  all living beings.
Vibhavo = wealth and exalted position in society.   Naiva = not, hardly.
Shaashvat = perpetual, eternal.     Nityam = constantly, daily.   Sannihito = placed  near.
Mrutyuh = death.    Kartavyo = duty.   Dharmasmgrahah =dharma + samgraha
Dharma =righteousness, religious practice.    Sangraha = collection, accumulation.

i.e.       The human body is not everlasting and so also wealth and exalted social status is not eternal.
Death always faces us and can occur at any time.  So it is our duty that we lead a righteous life and follow the tenets of religion (and earn/collect 'Punya' - the plus points)

(For the  details of the concept of 'Punya' , please see the Subhashita dated 3rd December,2014)

Today's Subhashita.

अनिच्छन्तोSपि  विनयं विद्याभ्यासेन बालकाः |
भेषजेनैव  नैरुज्यं  प्रापणीय  प्रयत्नतः              ||

अर्थ -    यद्यपि बालक शिक्षा प्राप्ति  के लिये  प्रारम्भ  में  इच्छुक नहीं  होते है, परन्तु उन्हें सहृदयता पूर्वक विद्याभ्यास के लिये उसी प्रकार  प्रेरित करना चाहिये  जैसा कि स्वास्थ्य लाभ के लिये औषधि का सेवन
प्रयत्न पूर्वक कराया जाता है |

Anicchantopi vinayam vidyaabhyaasena baalakaah.
Bheshajenaiva nairujyam praapaneeya prayatnatah.

Anicchantopi = anicchanto + api.      Anicchanto = unwilling, uninterested.   Api = even,although.
Vinayam= guidance with mildness.   Vidyaabhyaasena = by the practice or pursuit of learning.
Baalakaah = children.    Bheshajenaiva = bheshajena + aiva.     Bheshajena = through medicines.
Aiva = like.    Nairujyam = health.  Praapaneeya = to be achieved.   Pratyatnatahh = with special  care.

i.e.      Although children are initially unwilling to study, they should be  guided with care and motivated to pursue their studies, just like administration of medicines  to a patient with  care for restoring his health.

Today's Subhashita.

सुशीलो  मातृ  पुण्येन  पितृ  पुण्येन  चातुरः |
औदार्यं वंश पुण्येन आत्मा पुण्येन भाग्यवान्  ||

अर्थ -     एक व्यक्ति अपनी माता के पुण्यों के कारण सुशील होता है और पिता के पुण्यों से चतुर होता है |
उदारता उसे अपनी  वंश परम्परा से प्राप्त होती है तथा  स्वयं अर्जित पुण्यों से वह् भाग्यवान्  होता है |

(सनातन धर्म की मान्यता है कि अपने सद्व्यवहार और सत्कर्मों द्वारा मनुष्य 'पुण्य' अर्जित करता है जिस का प्रतिफल उसे अगले  जन्म में यशस्वी तथा सुखमय जीवन प्रदान  करता है तथा कभी वर्तमान जन्म की अवधि में भी उसके पुण्य फलीभूत हो जाते हैं |  माता और पिता का अपनी संतानों को अच्छे संस्कार  देने का दायित्व होता है जिस को इस सुभाषित में प्रतिपादित किया गया है | )

Sushilo maatru punyena pitru punyena chaaturah.
Audaaryam vamsha punyena aatma punyena bhaagyavaan.

Sushilo = good tempered.     Maatru = mother.    Punyena = on account of moral and religious merit.
(Punya is a concept of Hindu Religion according to which by leading a virtuous and pious life a person earns certain plus points, which entitle him to enjoy a comfortable and virtuous lifestyle in his next birth cycle or even during his lifetime.)       Pitru = father.      Chaaturah = skilled, cleaver.
Audaarya = generosity.    Vamsha = family dynasty.     Aatma = self.     Bhaagyaan = lucky.

i.e.      A person becomes good tempered due to the 'Punyas' of his mother and  becomes skilled
due to the 'Punya' of his father.   He becomes generous due to,his family dynasty, and becomes lucky due to his own 'Punya' .

(It is well established that parents and particularly the mother, play a very important role in shaping the personality of a child. Generosity is a trait which runs through a dynasty and is inherited by the descendants.  This aspect has been beautifully brought out in the above Subhashita through the concept of 'Punya' of Hindu Religion.)

Today's Subhashita.

यस्य नास्ति स्वयं प्रज्ञा केवलं तं बहुश्रुतः  |
न  स  जानाति शास्त्रार्थं  दर्वी सूपरसानिव ||

अर्थ -    जिस  व्यक्ति में स्वयं की  प्रतिभा और बुद्धि नहीं हो और  उसने  केवल  विद्वानों के संपर्क में रह्  कर उनकी चर्चाओं  को  बहुत बार सुना हो, वह विभिन्न शास्त्रों के  मर्म को नहीं जानता है | उस की स्थिति रसीले पदार्थों को परोसने वाली  एक करछी (चम्मच) या अनाज आदि को साफ़ करने वाले एक सूप के समान ही  रहती है  |

       (यद्यपि  करछी सदैव  विभिन्न रस युक्त पदार्थों तथा सूप अनाज तथा अन्य पदार्थों के संपर्क में रहते हैं,
परन्तु उन पदार्थों के गुणों से सर्वथा अलिप्त ही  रहते हैं, उसी तरह एक पढा लिखा परन्तु प्रतिभा और बुद्धि से हीन व्यक्ति भी शाश्त्रों  के मर्म से अनभिज्ञ ही रहता है | इस तथ्य को एक सुन्दर उपमा द्वारा इस सुभाषित में
प्रतिपादित किया है |)

Yasya naasti svyam pragyaa kevalam tam bahushtutam.
Na s jaanaati shaastraartham darvee sooprasaaniva.

Yasya = whose.    Naasti =    na +asti.    Na=not.   Asti= is.    Svyam = one's self.
Pragyaa = intelligence. wisdom.    Kevalam = only.   Tam = he.   Bahushrutam = one who has listened to the discources of scholarsregularly over a long period,    Sa = he.    Jaanaati = knows.   Shaastrartham = shaastra + artham. Shaastra = scriptures, treatises on various disciplines of learning.. Artham =  interpretation, meaning.      Darvee = a spoon or a  ladle  .    Sooparasaaniva = soopa+ rasaan +iva.   Soopa = an open ended triangular basket made of cane used to thresh wheat or other foodgrains etc.     Rasaan = various liquids, cooked food etc.    Iva =  like that of.

i.e.      A person, who is not intelligent and wise but has only listened to the discourses of learned
persons by always remaining associated with them,can not know and interpret the scriptures and
treatises of various disciplines of learning.  His position is just like a ladle and a 'Soopa' , the former used for serving liquid food items and the latter for thrashing foodgrains etc.

(Although ladle and 'Soop' always remain in contact with various liquid and solid food items, they
remain unaffected by such association. Similarly an unintelligent person simply by associating himself with learned persons can not interpret various treatises of learning and remains ignorant. This fact
has been beautifully underlined in the above Subhashita by the use of the simile of a ladle and a 'Soopa')

Today's Subhashita.

शान्ति खड्गः करे यस्य दुर्जनः किं करिष्यती  |
अतृणे  पतितो   वह्निः स्वयमेवोपशाम्यते     ||

अर्थ -      जिस व्यक्ति के हाथ में आत्मरक्षार्थ मानसिक शान्ति रूपी तलवार हो, दुर्जन व्यक्ति उसको   क्या हानि  पहुंचा  सकते हैं  ?  जिस तरह्  घास फूस के अतिरिक्त  अन्य अज्वलन्शील  स्थान पर गिरी हुई  आग स्वयं ही बुझ जाती है उसी प्रकार दुर्जन  व्यक्ति भी शान्त स्वभाव के व्यक्ति के सद्व्यवहार् से स्वयं ही शान्त हो जायेगा |

(दो व्यक्तियों में यदि झगडा हो और उन में एक व्यक्ति शान्त स्वभाव का हो तो दूसरे दुष्ट व्यक्ति का मुकाबला शान्त व्यक्ति अपने शान्त स्वभाव से ही कर सकता है और झगडा आगे नहीं बढने पाता है | इस परिस्थिति को इस सुभाषित में बडे ही सुन्दर रूप में तलवार और आग की उपमायें प्रयुक्त कर के व्यक्त किया है )

Shaanti = calmness of mind.     Khadgh = a sword.     Kare = hand.    Yasya = whose.
Durjanah = a wicked person.     Kim = what ?     Karishyati =  will do.     Atrune = a non inflamable surface or object other than grass.  Patito = dropped, fallen.    Vahnih = fire.Svayamevopashaamyate=
Svayameva = itself, on its own.      upashaamyate = becomes extinct, gets extinguished.

i.e.      What harm can a wicked and mean person do to a person who is protected by the calmness of his mind like a sword in  his hand ?  Even if the wicked person misbehaves with him, due to his cool behaviour the  wicked person will be subdued just like a fire ignited over a non inflamable surface other than dry grass,  itself gets extinguished  shortly

(In this subhashita through the use of similes of a sword and fire the author has underlined the fact
that cool behaviour by a person to counter aggressive behaviour by the other person acts  like a fire
falling on a non inflammable surface, which does not flare up and gets extinguished on its own.)